Plate tectonics

Ecological succession is the process in which ecosystems develop and change over time. The habitats are constantly changing, and will never stay the same. There are two main types of succession, primary and secondary. Primary succession is one of the two types of biological and ecological succession. It is the establishment and development of an ecosystem that was lacking any inhabitants beforehand. Example would include melting glaciers, volcanic eruptions, or landslides. Secondary…

Teesdale is revered as one of the most beautiful and spectacular areas in England. Its peaceful, unspoilt landscape is richly endowed with natural beauty and provides an incredible feeling of solitude and tranquillity. In 1988 the whole of Upper Teesdale was included in the designation for the North Pennines Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). It stretches across 772 square miles (2000km²) and takes in parts of County Durham, Cumbria and Northumbria. The area is well-known for its…

Peru is a sovereign state located in Western South America on the coast of the Pacific Ocean. In March of 2017, Peru was severely affected by flooding caused by the rains of El Niño. This is a picture of rescue workers cleaning up the mud brought by the flooding. In April of 2017, a 5.8 magnitude earthquake struck the northernmost region of Peru. The earthquake could be felt in neighboring countries of Ecuador and Colombia. This map shows the epicenter and diffusion of the earthquake. In May…

this particular formation will continue to form more and more volcanos as time goes by. This would most likely happen because of the subduction boundary going on (South American plate is continental, Nazca Plate is oceanic), and if the Nazca boundary continues to push underneath the South American one, it will cause the plate to liquify, which accordingly would cause eruptions. Because of the eruptions, the volcano would continue…

the Mediterranean Island of Sicily,Italy. It has been erupting for half a million years and the date of the last eruption was December 3, 2015. Mt. Etna was created on a boundary between the African and Eurasian plate. It was formed because the African plate subducted under the Eurasian plate. It has explosive types of eruptions from its 3 summit crater and the lava is pahoehoe. Mt. Etna has the longest recorded eruption history of any volcano. Its most destructive and violent eruption happened…

A lot of things happened in 1977- The Atari 2600 gaming system was released, Jimmy Carter was inaugurated as the 39th U.S president, and NASA launched Voyager 1. But something else happened, a huge breakthrough for the marine science world. An expedition to the Galápagos Rift revealed hydrothermal vents, and along with it new and unknown creatures that somehow has survived in very harsh conditions. Hydrothermal vents are most commonly found along mid-oceanic ridges, such as the Mid-Atlantic…

The Mount Vesuvius Volcano has erupted many times. Since AD 79, the volcano has also erupted repeatedly, in 172, 203, 222, 303, 379, 472, 512, 536, 685, 787, around 860, around 900, 968, 991, 999, 1006, 1037, 1049, around 1073, 1139, 1150, and there may have been eruptions in 1270, 1347, and 1500. The volcano erupted again in 1631, six times in the 18th century (especially in 1779 and 1794), eight times in the 19th century (notably in 1872), and in 1906, 1929 and 1944. In this assignment I am…

In this set of materials, the reading passage tells us about the three types of rock, and the listening passage explains the additional usage of sedimentary rock, which is describing as a third rock in the reading passage. The reading passage informs us about the characteristics of the three rocks. The most common rock is Igneous rock which means fire. The example of it is granite. By cooling and solidification of lava, igneous rock will be formed, and this makes up approximately 64.7% of the…

Andreas Fault is a major fault line along the western part of California. It is 660 miles long and is moving at a rate of 5cm (2in) annually. (Wile, Exploring Creation through Physical Science p. 149). It was formed when the Pacific and North American plate began to move in opposite directions and its stresses have built up since then. (Stewart, Inside Earthquakes p.12). “Scientists predict there is a 65% chance that it will produce a major quake before 2040.”(Stewart, Inside…

Yellowstone Supervolcano: Case Study WHAT IS IT? The term “supervolcano” stands for an eruption of magnitude 8 on the Volcano Explosivity Index, indicating an eruption of more than 1,000 cubic kilometres (250 cubic miles) of magma. Yellowstone has had at least three past eruptions: The three being, 2.1 million years ago, 1.2 million years ago and 640,000 years ago, were about 2,500 times larger than the May 18, 1980 eruption of Mt. St. Helens in Washington State. WHERE IS IT? The supervolcano…