Phytoplankton

habitat needs of polar bears, and projected sea ice conditions, it is forecast that approximately two thirds of the world’s polar bears could be extirpated by mid-century [13]. Reduced Arctic sea ice may impact marine ecosystems. It favours a phytoplankton–zooplankton’ dominated ecosystem rather than a typical ‘sea-ice algae–benthos’ ecosystem. This switch may reduce the export of organic carbon and decreased pelagic-benthic coupling [8]. 3.2 Impacts on human…

Maggie McMahon APES Period 1 October 24, 2014 Coral Reef Ecology Activity (#3) Tourists scenario: Tourists bring business to many of the countries that are surrounded by coral reefs, but the damage they do is putting the future of both tourism and the coral reef in jeopardy. Most people do not realize how fragile the reef is and carelessly destroy it without thinking, as ecologists have discovered patches of dead coral in the shape of diver's footprints. Boat anchors can break off a quarter…

Carbon Cycling Internal Achievement Standard Science 90953: Demonstrate understanding of carbon cycling Carbon Cycling Internal What is the Carbon Cycle? Carbon is a key component in all living organisms and can be found in both living and nonliving organisms. Organisms will continue to contain carbon even when they change or decay. Carbon is found in a variety of living things and can exist as a solid e.g coal and diamonds, a liquid e.g crude oil or a gas, for example CO2…

All organisms in an ecosystem are interconnected and play specific roles that are crucial to the entire community’s sustainability and well-being. When a single aspect of the community is taken away, it affects the rest of the organisms that inhabit the ecosystem, and usually in a way that negatively impacts the area’s biodiversity. The source of most energy on Earth comes from the Sun however, only a certain group of organisms can harness the sun’s energy and convert it into sugars and…

This paper explores the reasons behind the functional extinction of the Eastern Oyster in the New York Harbor, the ecological services that the oyster provided to the Harbor’s ecosystem and the steps to bring back this keystone species. When Europeans first came to the New World, oysters were so abundant around New York City that it was considered the Oyster Capital of the World (Driscoll, 2011) but within 300 years this title would be no more as the oyster became functionally extinct due to…

Kumale Fufa Ramisha Islam 18 November 2014 Period 1, Period 2 The Effect of Different Levels of Nitrate and Phosphate in Fertilizer Runoff Before and After Rain Water is a major resource and is essential for life. It is naturally recycled through a process called hydrological cycle. The demand of water over the world has been increasing as population and industrialization does, while available drinking water has been deteriorating due to pollution.Fertilizer runoff is a serious…

INTRODUCTION Fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with a long aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most of the naturally occurring fatty acids contain unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. We usually derived fatty acids from triglycerides or phospholipids. Fatty acids are very important sources of fuel because, when they metabolized, they yield large amount of ATP .Fatty acids are regulated by certain transcription factors which control the action of…

Bigger than life itself…… the Blue Whale Throughout history, different species of animals have come and gone. In this constant cycle of life and death, there has been one animal that tops the charts both in size and uniqueness. These ancient and magnificent creatures are known as the Blue Wale and they are currently living today. The
Blue whale, or as scientifically known as Balaenoptera musculus, is to date the largest creature to ever live on earth. Ranging from 82 to 105 feet (25 to 32…

demand, catch rates are expected to be greatly impacted with the fluctuations and shifts of global warming. These changes are compromising fish recruitment, displacing commercially important species to colder and deeper waters, and collapsing phytoplankton populations, which creates bottom-up effects that are reducing fisheries abundance (Brierely AS, Kingsford MJ 2009). Many organisms are already living just within their thermal limits, with the expectation of thresholds to be…

a biomass pyramid could be grams per meter2, or calories per meter2. The pyramid of biomass may be 'inverted'. For example, in a pond ecosystem, the standing crop of phytoplankton, the major producers, at any given point will be lower than the mass of the heterotrophs, such as fish and insects. This is explained as the phytoplankton reproduce very quickly, but have much shorter individual lives. One problem with biomass pyramids is that they can make a trophic level look like it contains more…