Phrenology

Images of women are ubiquitous and pervasive to such a degree that their deeper implications and reflections of the world that they occupy cannot be ignored. Images of women cannot and do not stand alone; they must be examined in a cultural context and through a feminist framework to be fully understood. Some feminist theorists argue that portrayals of women are inherently objectifying, positioning woman as a thing to be viewed rather than as a being in and of herself. These images exist solely…

The Ancient Era 1500 B.C - 475 A.D. During the ancient era, the people who had disabilities were treated in varying ways. People with disabilities weren’t referenced in writing as existing until 552 B.C. Romans and Greeks during this time thought very highly of themselves considering all of the advancements they were making in different fields such as art, philosophy, literature and science. As far as the Greeks and Romans were concerned they considered themselves to be superior to all other…

Knowledge: The Key Change to Theories Over Time Ashleigh Gottschalt University of Houston-Victoria A common trait of being human is that we are always seeking out an explanation for how things work, and why it works that way; there is hardly any satisfaction in not knowing the details. When individuals create their own explanations they are called theories, and there are no right or wrong theories because theories are abstract explanations of reality. An interesting feature regarding theories…

in place. Genes are the main concern of those interested in the biological perspective. Over time, there have been three main approaches to this particular perspective: intelligence factors, identifying deviants through physical characteristics (phrenology and body types), as well as chromosomal differences-which is the current…

Michael Omi and Howard Winant claim that “race is a concept which signifies and symbolizes social conflicts and interests by referring to different types of human bodies”1, which ties to the idea that race is just an illusion.2 Race is an idea that was created to cause divides within the human species; the Zoot Suit Riots and the Civil Rights Movements are examples of how it succeeded in doing so. Race has been used as tool to demean and degrade people of color from in U.S. society; the only…

The Atlantic slave trade helped established an economy in America, and helped aide a society for the New World. Slaves were one of the most important key figures in the New World since they were held responsible for working the land and developing a system of labor. With the Atlantic slave trade came the concepts of race and racism. To this day, blacks can be regarded as inferior to whites. The main reason for this inferiority of blacks is due to the fact of slavery in the Atlantic World. The…

When Michael Shermer states that we are pattern-seeking animals, he is trying to say that it is an inherent trait that all of us have and that we are conditioned to find patterns in everything whether they are real or not. There are multiple definitions of a pattern; for this essay the operational definitions of a pattern will be- A. a regular form of reoccurrence of an event and B. something that establishes a cause and effect relationship. Michael Shermer explains and re-states ‘Apophenia’ as…

Neurodevelopmental disorders are disorders wherein impairments in neural development lead to deficits in various cognitive and/or social abilities (Reynolds & Goldstein, 1999). Historically, researchers have often assumed that human cognition is served by numerous “modules”, each of which performs a specific cognitive function. It is typically argued that each module is supported by a specific brain region whose evolutionarily-defined characteristics confer neural properties that facilitate…

Brian Wallis begins his paper by discussing the issues that come along with multiculturalism, ethnicity, identity, and race. He states the methodology of critics discussing cultural differences have shifted “away from essentialist of biological versions of race.” (39) Race as a category is very difficult to understand and has been subjected to many different ‘gazes’; however, Wallis points out it “cannot be separated from other formative components of identity.” (39) It is a part of who people…

One of the techniques used by Poe was the discovery and exploration of the Right Brain. Poe was an avid follower and believer in Phrenology, although it was studied very little in his time. Poe did not directly discover this part of the brain, but he would still describe it in great detail. He saw it as the exotic part of the mind. What he described as the exotic part of the mind is now officially called the right hemisphere of the brain. He believed this part of the brain dealt with…