Photon

Introduction Around 90% of the universe is currently undetectable.[1] Allowing oneself to then believe that all the experiments and missions carried out for space exploration and countless images portraying the beauties of the world beyond the sky has only shown around 10% of the contents of the universe is unfathomable. So what mysteries lurk in the void of our universe? Any Physicist, or fellow inquisitive mind reading this, will immediately have two distinct phrases come to mind: Dark matter…

Unfavorable has a negative connotation, it conjures up thoughts of ‘bad” and “non-useful” processes, however as we have learned through the case studies of muscle contraction and photosynthesis, this is simply a misconception. For in the natural world a favorable or unfavorable reaction is not a single entity but is rather part of a coupled reaction that uses the two in tandem to continue the function of essential processes. This being said, and connotation aside, an unfavorable reaction is one…

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3.1 Effect of pH In the pH range 4.0 to 8.5 the rate of degradation of Basic fuchsin was investigated. The results are reported in Table 1. Table 1: Effect of pH [Basic fuchsin] = 0.8 × 10-5 M Light intensity = 60.0 mW cm-2 CuO/Al2O3 = 0.12 g pH Rate constant (k) × 105 (sec-1) 4.0…

The higher the concentration of polyphenol-oxidase, would lead to higher amounts of molecules in the solution, which can absorb more photons resulting to higher absorbance values. All deceleration curves except for our control variable are gradually increasing as time is passing by and levels off reaching equilibrium. A molecular explanation for the results in figure 1 is that polyphenol…

In the mid 20-ies of the last century the American astronomer E. Hubble found that the distance between galaxies in the observable universe is continuously increasing, like galaxies diverge from each other. At Hubble and his colleagues began to form the impression that the many billions of years ago in our days talking about 15 - 20 billion of the universe matter was concentrated in a very small volume with a fantastically high density, many orders of magnitude superior to the density of matter…

XMM Newton:- The XMM-Newton (X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission or High Throughput X-ray Spectroscopy Mission) is an orbiting X-ray observatory launched in December 1999 by ESA (European Space Agency). ). XMM-Newton is the biggest satellite ever built in Europe. It is used for the detection of soft portion of the electromagnetic spectrum (100 eV to 12 keV).Using its large collecting area and highly eccentric orbit, it is making long observations of X-ray sources with extremely high sensitivity. It is…

The Promising Future for Retinal Visual Prosthesis The human eye is a complex organ capable of harnessing light and translating it into a message that the brain uses to create an image. There are many structure in both the eye and the brain that are responsible for creating an image. The structures in the eye function to collect light from the environment, focus it, and transform it into an electrical impulse that the brain can interpret. The first of these structures is the iris. The iris…

and has the capability to produce enough energy to be stored even as it’s during night time or a cloudy day. Solar energy is from solar photovoltaic cells that have a negative and positive charge on the silicon beneath the slice of glass and as the photons of sunlight are collected by these cells, the electrons are separated which they are attracted to one side of the silicon, creating an electric voltage (“NW Wind & Solar”, n.d). Solar energy compared to wind energy is much more effective for…

to earth and 3.) a way to receive the power on earth. There two methods of conversion solar dynamic and photovoltaic. Solar dynamic uses mirrors to accumulate light on a boiler. While photovoltaic conversion uses semiconductor cells to convert photons in electric power. There is also wireless power transmission, which is a way of transferring energy from the collection and then sending it to Earth’s surface. This process would take place whether the usage of a microwave of laser radiation at a…

Referee’s Report JOSA B Manuscript ID 273944 PAPER DESCRIPTION In the paper titled “Non-Markovian coherence and entanglement transfer in a quantum version of Newton’s cradle”, Mu and co-author have presented the quantum analog of the classical Newton’s cradle. An array of couple cavities (coupled with a common Markovian and non-Markovian environment) with nearest neighbor hopping interaction between the cavities, has been selected as the quantum cradle. In the case of quantum cradle with…