Phospholipid

Beetroot tissues will be the model investigated in this lab. Specifically the effects of temperature stress on the beetroots cellular membrane. Beetroot is known as Beta Vulgaris, it is one of the healthiest vegetables one can eat with plenty of minerals and vitamins. One of the main vitamins in beetroot is betaine which serve as organic osmolytes that are synthesized or taken from the surroundings by the cells to protect against osmotic stress, high temperature or, drought. Roots of beet also…

The inner coating is called the pulmonary surfactant and it is made of a complex mixture of phospholipids, neutral lipids, and proteins. The disaturated phospholipids are the active component of the pulmonary surfactant. The disaturated phospholipids have tails that are hydrophobic and are tightly packed together which allow the reduction in surface tension. The reduction aids in inspiration and the surfactant also aids…

consisting of inner and outer mitochondrial membranes separated by an intermembrane space. (Cooper, 2000). It has the outer membrane and the inner membrane. The membranes are made up of phospholipids and proteins. The mitochondria has an outer membrane which is smooth and composed of equal amounts of phospholipids and proteins. It has a large number of special proteins known as the porins. The porins are integral membrane proteins and they allow the movement of molecules that are of 5000…

31. cis/trans isomers Isomers are compounds with a similar substance recipe however extraordinary structures. The structures of these isomers vary in the introduction of the two chloride particles around the Co3+ particle. In the trans isomer, the chlorides involve positions opposite each other in the octahedron. In the cis isomer, they possess contiguous positions. The distinction amongst cis and trans isomers can be recollected by taking note of that the prefix trans is utilized to portray…

waste was overwhelming. Although the organic molecules were the easiest to break down, they still acquired a lot of energy since they were macromolecules. The complex molecules of carbohydrates, monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides, phospholipids, triglycerides, and cellulose stood in conversation discussing their unique makeup and creation with one another waiting for their next assignment in the body The macromolecules of the food passed through the body and were broken down through…

In this experiment we used the alcohols methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol, and tested the beet membranes at 0% alcohol concentration, 10% alcohol concentration, 20% alcohol concentration, 30% alcohol concentration, and 40% alcohol concentration. We used 0.5cm3 beet pieces throughout the entire experiment to keep the surface area constant in each alcohol. We then submerged one cube of the beet in each concentration of each alcohol for 15 minutes. We then found the concentration of Betacyanin in…

kill the cells and destroy the ability to make and retain memories” (Science Daily 1). They used MRI machines to look at tissues in the cellular membrane. The phospholipid bilayer is identical to the cell membrane in neurons. The U-M team is trying to find ways to incorporate this into treatments. Components of Cell Membrane: Phospholipid Bilayer- made of phosphate and fatty acids move gas and allow water and nonpolar molecules to pass. Glycolipid- makes the membrane more fluid Peripheral…

Microtubules, which are made of protein subunits called tubulin, are the thickest of all three cytoskeletal filaments. Microtubules are mainly serving as the paths along which vesicles are guided in their travels to various destinations, and are responsible for associating with motor proteins attached to the vesicles. Microtubules can also expand or shrink in length in order to establish dynamic structures that can efficiently change the internal organization of the cell, and capture organelles…

hundreds of lysosomes but can be found in much higher quantities in cells more directly involved in exocytosis and cells of the immune system. Under a microscope, lysosomes can be observed as spherical-shaped, tiny membranous sacs composed of a single phospholipid bilayer that separates the acidic interior (pH 4.8-5) from the rest of the cell. The acidity is maintained by the continuous pumping of hydrogen ions into the cell, allowing for lysosomal hydrolases to carry out optimal function.…

Melittin is the active component of bee venom and when injected releases histamine from mast cells and ruptures red blood cell corpuscles. This interaction is responsible for the initial pain and swelling that is associated with a bee sting. (Collison, 41) However, the properties that make melittin toxic can also be harnessed for therapeutic purposes. Melittin is a small protein containing 26 amino acids that comprises 50% of bee venom’s dry weight. (Collison, 40) It exists primarily in two…