Phospholipid

in the stroma of the chloroplast. Stacks of thylakoid cells are called granum. Photosynthesis consists of a Light Dependent Reaction and the Calvin Cycle. The Light Dependent Reaction (LDR) happen in the Thylakoid Disks. More precisely in the Phospholipid Bilayer of the Thylakoid Disk. First in LDR, light from the sun is absorbed by Photosystem II (PS II). This in turn excites two electrons in PS II. The two electrons jump from PS II and enter Plastoquinone (PQ). The two electrons leave PQ and…

Tardigrades are fascinating organisms that the greater understanding of has potential to lead to advances in medicine, such as by allowing for increased tolerance of radiation in human cells (Hashimoto et al. 2016), and the cryopreservation of organs for transplantation (Kletetschka and Hruba 2015). Perhaps, it may even allow living people to be preserved so that they may undergo long-distance space travel without aging, and thereby may enable colonization of other planets. Anything that may…

For this project, I would like to discuss Alzheimer’s Disease. Alzheimer’s Disease is the most common form of dementia and is a great risk factor in increasing age (alzheimer’s association, n.d.). There is a lot of research being done on this disease and ways to treat it, but there is no current cure that has been found. I decided to research this disease because it is such a frequent disease and I feel like I should get to know more about it. Also, because a cure has not been found for it I…

as gram positive if its cell wall is thick and stains purple when tested for identification. If its cell wall is thin and stains red, it is referred to as gram negative. Under the cell wall, the bacterium also has a plasma membrane made up of a phospholipid bilayer with proteins inserted inside. Within its cytoplasm, ribosomes for protein synthesis and a single DNA strand are…

1. Introduction This illustrated report will be concentrating on the digestive system and the detail of digestion, including mechanical and chemical digestion, extracellular and intracellular digestion. It will highlight how enzymes work within the digestive system, which ones and where they are produced. It will show the importance of metabolism and its two categories anabolism and catabolism, there will also be an illustration of how nutrients are processed during anabolism and catabolism. It…

information about the objects of interest of this study. Plasma lipoproteins are biochemical assemblies, consisted of lipids and proteins and their main functionality within the body is to transport the major lipids of plasma, like cholesterol esters, phospholipids, triglycerides, free cholesterol and free fatty acids, outside of cells. Based on their physical and chemical properties, lipoproteins are classified as: high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL),…

δ-aminolevulinic acid can be oxidized to release ROS. Lead has the capability forming lead-superoxide complexes that allow the complex to have great oxidizing potential. Lead can elicit membrane damage to cells through lipid oxidation. Negatively charged phospholipids can be targeted by lead to carry out lipid oxidation…

cells in solutions of 0.8M and 1.0M before and after 30 minutes of being in a solution of high sucrose concentration. Sucrose does not diffuse into the cell and sucrose in the cells does not diffuse out of the cell due to the cell membrane. The phospholipid bilayer that makes up the cell membrane is selectively permeable membrane. This means that only certain molecules can enter and exit the cell and water is a molecule that can freely diffuse through the cell membrane. Water is a small…

Prior to the commencement of the experiment, several hypotheses were made in regards to the efficacy of different household antibacterial products on two species of bacteria. The first hypothesis predicted that the most afflicted species of bacteria would be Staphylococcus aureus; the second suggested that products A and C would be more effective at killing both species of bacteria than product B; whilst the third hypothesis proposed that product A would be most active against S.aureus. The…

Omega 6 The Importance of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids If you are a health-conscious person, you are already aware of the wide range of benefits that you get from consuming the polyunsaturated fatty acids or PUFAs as they are called namely Omega 3 and Omega 6. Fatty acids are the main components responsible for the building of lipid molecules in the body. They form an essential part of the cell membranes and hormones and enrich the cells with energy. The Most Important PUFAs Omega 3 and 6 fats…