Phonology

Berent believes syntax is only half of what the human language is based on. She believes this is where phonology comes in, a branch of linguistics that deals with systems of sounds. Almost every language, with the exception of sign language, uses these two “layers” for communication. An example of this would be Khoisan languages, a unique group of African languages…

Elementary Reading Activities for ELLs that Involve Parents Parental involvement has proven to have a positive impact on students from elementary school through college. Schools that promote parent involvement had a higher number of attendance rates, student enrollment, graduation rates, and better achievement scores. Students also were more inclined to complete their work and put in more work (Protacio & Edwards, 2015). Parental involvement for Latino English Language Learners (ELLs) may be…

Jamilette Duran, a twenty-five year-three month old female, attends Lehman College Speech and Hearing Clinic for individual speech-language services twice weekly for 50 minutes. She has been attending the Speech and Hearing Clinic since 1998. At six months of age, she was diagnosed with Intellectual Developmental Disability (IDD) and Cerebral Palsy (CP). Jamilette has a diagnosis of an articulation disorder, receptive and expressive language disorder secondary to IDD and CP. Josefina Duran,…

The Acquisition/Learning Hypothesis: In its most general version, the Acquisition / Learning Distinction Hypothesis is deemed to be the most salient all the hypotheses in Krashen's theory as well as the most recognized and valued conceptualization by most linguists and language practitioners. In practice, Krashen postulates that there are two independent systems in a second language competence: 'the acquired system' and 'the learned system'. On the one hand, the 'acquired system' or…

version that derived from ASL is Black Sign Language (BSL) in which it is a dialect of ASL. BSL is primarily used among deaf African-Americans and has a commonality to ASL but there is a distinct difference in social attitudes, lexicon/semantics, phonology, morphology, and syntax (Brockway, 2011). The reason for this difference was the segregation of African Americans from their White counterparts. The language was founded during the Civil War, so Black students were not educated the same way…

Prior to the comprehensive works and visionary thinking of William Stokoe, the American Deaf community remained deprived of recognition as a culture and community that shared a complex and intricate language rich in structure and system. Shortly after Stokoe began his twenty-nine year exploration of Sign Language at Gallaudet University in 1955, the Deaf Community’s future as an acknowledged independent community became immeasurably brighter. Through almost three decades of research,…

4. The strategies of listening skill listening strategies are very helpful to the students, but without grammar, vocabulary and the knowledge of phonology, these strategies stay not enough, teachers should teach students these strategies and increase the knowledge of grammar and etc. (Goh, 2000) . Vandergrift (1999) reported that strategies are conscious means where learners can manage and assess their own comprehension and responses, for that reason, strategy development is very significant…

when they made mistakes. These errors can be classified according to a number of different classifications. The general identification could be addition, omission, substitution and ordering. It can be classified according to the levels of language: phonology, orthography, lexicon, grammar and discourse. Errors could be view as a global error in which it…

Ovando & Combs (2012) indicate that the development of the first language is not formally taught because children acquire it subconsciously by using the language. Linguist Stephen Krashen formulated the theory called the ‘Monitor Model’. This theory has greatly influenced research theory in second language acquisition and it comprises five hypotheses that will be explained in the following paragraphs: the acquisition-learning hypothesis, the natural order hypothesis, the monitor hypothesis, the…

In fact, it is a typical thing to come through. To demonstrate, a dialect is “ a variety of language that is distinguished from other varieties of the same language by features of phonology, grammar, and vocabulary, and by its use by a group of speakers who are set off from others geographically or socially.” (Dictioary.com) Taking that in consideration, dialect is a main concept in the book, “You Owe Yourself a Drunk” when understanding…