Assessment Gillam, S. L., & Ford, M. B. (2012). Dynamic assessment of phonological awareness for children with speech sound disorders. Child Language Teaching & Therapy, 28(3), 297-308. doi:10.1177/0265659012448087 Introduction: Gillam and Ford created a dynamic assessment to observe the associations concerning performance on a nonverbal phoneme deletion, word-level reading, and speech sound production that require verbal responses for school-age children with speech sound disorders. The…
Laughing gas has been used as an anesthesia for dentistry since 1844. Up to today, it has been used for many other medical procedures and surgeries, but it is widely known and used for oral surgeries. The procedure of laughing gas in surgery is very simple, Dinitrogen monoxide (N2O) is a gas in which you inhale. When you inhale the colourless gas, it reaches the brain in around 20 seconds and it starts to relax your body and develop pain-killing properties to keep you composed and calm. You…
Research further suggests that systematic, explicit Synthetic phonics (sound blending) to be fast, effective and efficient opposed to the other methods (Johnson & Watson, as cited in Konza, 2016). Consequently, Synthetic phonics was mandated to be taught in English and Welsh schools by the UK Government (The Rose Report, 2006). Such that prep students will start learning a phoneme per day with the use a variety of programs (Jolly phonics, Alpha blocks, ABC reading eggs), allowing many students…
Speech perception is the process by which the sounds of a language are heard, interpreted and understood. ‘Speech perception’ is defined as the receptive language process in which the input signal is speech. ‘Hearing’ is one of the sensory processes that may be used in speech perception. Thus “speech perception is a particular form of receptive language processing and hearing is a particular sensory modality contributing to speech perception” (Marschark & Spencer, 2011). Speech audiometry has…
Another component of analyzing invented spelling is breaking down phonics in each word. To analyze break this words down we look at the word phonemic elements. Cole did a fantastic job using these elements in his writing. The first word I looked at was “rokitchip”. This is how Cole phonemically spelled out rocket ship. The phonemic element he used in this word is consonant blends with the letters ch. Consonant blends are mixing two consonants together to make a new sound that combines their…
Deciphering the Alphabetic Code “English language is an alphabetic language, and children learn to crack this code as they learn about phonemes (sounds), graphemes (letters), and graphophonemic (letter-sound) relationships” (Tompkins, 2014). Children learn the letters as they speak the alphabet and learn to spell their names. Children learn sounds as they use syllables to segment a word or hear words that rhyme. Children use graphophonemic relationships to understand how letters and sound are…
The title of the article is called “The Stop and Go Phonemic Awareness Game: Providing Modeling, Practice, and Feedback” and it is written by Jill Howard Allor, Kristin A. Gansle, and R. Kenton Denny. The authors define phonemic awareness as “the ability to recognize the individual sounds within spoken words” and it is a critical skill needed to be successful with reading acquisition (Allor, Gansle, & Denny, 2006). The authors discuss the importance of explicitly teaching phonemic awareness…
In the selected article from his book “The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains”, Nicholas G. Carr explains to his readers how reading & writing came to be, it 's effects on the brain, and what both Plato and Socrates thought about the subjects (Carr, The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains). According to Carr, writing began in the year 8000 BC, when people would use small clay tokens that were engraved with symbols as a way to keep track of livestock and goods…
“Lice or Rice” or “The Foreign Language and the Accent” Long time ago in a faraway land named Japan, a young lady was being asked by her Japanese host mother, if she wanted to eat some lice. Needless to say she was horrified! Japanese eat lice! How disgusting! She thought to herself. As she looked at her host mother she quickly realized that she was trying to say rice and not lice! This was my first experience many years ago with accents. This is when I realized how important accents are. What…
Wambaugh, Martinez, McNeil, and Rogers (1999) conducted a study to replicate and expand upon the findings of the study by Wambaugh et al. (1998). They investigated response generalization and maintenance effects of SPT for trained and untrained words. Additionally, the authors attempted to determine whether SPT could result in the overgeneralization of targeted sounds to the production of untrained or previously trained phonemes (e.g., if training the production of /k/ would result in the…