Philosophical logic

philosopher-imprisoned in an Italian POW camp amidst the final months of World War I. A work with which he claimed to have solved all the philosophical problems that had puzzled philosophers for millennia. All within 100 pages of painstakingly enumerated “propositions” that composed the Tractatus. A work with which, the young man stopped any sort of philosophical study for almost a decade, and became a schoolteacher. What is the meaning of this mysterious declaration? In order to understand it,…

Describe and critically analyse the ontological argument for the existence of God. Ontological arguments are arguments that some philosophers claim, definitively prove and conclude on the existence of an omniscient ‘God’. These arguments are structured in a specific analytical, deductive, a priori style. The analytical, a priori aspect of the argument means that the conclusion is based on the understanding of a definition. Meaning that the truth of the conclusion can be determined before…

another. An argument supports your ideas with justification from other ideas, principles, and observations to establish your conclusions and overcome objections. A philosophical argument does not require an opponent or a disagreement. So, how do we create a philosophical argument? There are a primary features in creating a good philosophical argument. An argument must be articulated having your concepts coherent, brief, and easily comprehensible, not only for yourself but also…

This philosophical study will a argue in favor of the “whole person”” theory of higher education in Delbanco’s and Socrates argument on the importance of self-examination in the modern collegiate education. Delbanco argues that the idea of the “whole person” arises from gaining experience in higher education, which is defined through a standard liberal arts education. Currently, the extremely high cost of education has made it very difficult for many Americans to get a liberal education, which…

theory and pragmatics as a whole. Soundness is the notion of integrating logics that prove formulas within given semantics in a language to help preserve truth and validity. Completeness is the notion of having any formula in the system of a logic / language that can be derived into it’s own formula. Although, within theorems and logics, some completeness has to be given up for soundness and vice versa, there is no one logic or theorem that is fully complete nor sound. It would seem that the…

Throughout the ages, the world has seen many philosophers pursue this wisdom in many forms. Men like Plato, Aristotle and Socrates were all incredibly popular. With works such as the Apology Phaedo Symposium Republic by Plato and the whole idea of logic itself, it’s no wonder. Socrates in particular is incredibly well known. He was the teacher of many highly regarded men like Plato.Men who went on to teach people like Alexander the Great. In fact, he is referred to as the “Father of Western…

The third chapter discusses three famous paradoxes to illustrate how the mind works the concepts introduced previously. The three paradoxes are: Berry paradox, Richard’s paradox, and the paradox of the Liar. All three paradoxes explore the limits of human languages and how that affects our understanding of mathematical concepts. The Berry paradox is particularly concerned with numbers and their descriptions; there are numbers that are cannot even be named for example. I liked how the author…

From Plato’s perspective, trapped in his body, one’s soul was deceived by the world that he directly perceived, and only through the pure exercise of reason or philosophical thinking could one authentically reach the very truth of the world-the world of form where everything is objective, perfect, eternal and independent. The sensible world is just an imperfect replica of the world of form constructed by the divine…

Plato values the perplexity philosophical discussion often creates, because it gives people the desire to keep pursuing the truth or the answer until the feeling of perplexity is gone. These moments also give one the opportunity to acknowledge his own ignorance. Both of these involve truth…

Was Socrates guilty as charged?" Socrates, an ancient Greek philosopher, is linked with Western systems of logic and philosophy. At an early age, he served in the hoplite-ancient Greek infantry, and later devoted his life to philosophy. His rather unique perspective and wisdom in philosophy attracted friends and enemies at the same time. Socrates metaphorically was the gadfly that stung the horse- Athenian state. And from his brilliant debates accustomed with truthfulness and honesty that all…