Philip IV of France

The clash between Pope Boniface VIII and King Philip IV of France began in the year 1296 over taxation of the French Clergy. Specifically, King Philip IV implemented taxes over the clergy and all other laymen of the French kingdom with a motive to fuel a war with King Edward I of England. Refuting this, Boniface asserted that no cleric was to pay taxes to a king without proper papal consent. If the clergy went against his commands, Boniface threatened excommunication to all who ignored him. Though on the surface it appeared as if the quarrel was over taxation, in reality it represented who had the ultimate control and power over the French Clergy. This conflict over influence between Philip and Boniface is commonly referred to as a “Crisis…

The period from 1296 to the early 1500s was an era that saw significant change in the relationship between temporal and ecclesiastical authority. The driving force in relations between these two entities shifted from assessing the role of canon law to the strength of new ideas and political thought. Historians such as Ullmann place emphasis on the translation of Aristotelean ideas for this change whereas others, like Black and Coleman argue the change was as the result of a natural progression…

late 11th century, issues arose between Pope Gregory VII and Emperor Henry IV relating to the inductance of Church officials, especially bishops, and who was to have true Jurisdiction over it. According to Traditions and Encounters, Higher Church officials along with having significant religious authority, also had a high degree of political influence as well (p.395). This is in mind; it connects well to why the Emperor would be interested in having authority over the appointment of such;…

was one that would help shape the history of Europe. This war as the name entails was a war that lasted near a hundred years between England and France. The war was the start of a revolution in where the combat superiority of the knight was beginning to give way to infantry Since this war was one that took over the course of such a long period of time it is impossible to see how the two countries compared to each other in many different aspects. To look at each of their militaries at the…

• Catholics and Protestants struggle for control of France, Netherlands and England • FRENCH WARS OF RELIGION (1562-1598) PG 392-397 • French protestants= Huguenots- from Besancon Hugues- leader of Geneva’s political revolt against House of Savoy 1520’s • HRE emperor Charles V captured Fancis I of France at Battle of Pavia ion 1525-…

The hundred year’s war erupted between two long time medieval rivals, England and France. The war lasted even more than one hundred years with many people, battles, and even a French civil war.When France and England had that temporary cease fire, it could have been over. The civil war is what drew England back in. Without the war most likely never would have started again. The one hundred year’s war was a long one, with many peculiar events. King Edward III of England was one major player in…

Kloss asserts that Diego Velázquez was “one of the greatest painters in a European century”. Perhaps the most famous painting by Velazquez is his Maids of Honor, Las Meninas, painted about 1656. It has the distinction of being probably the first painting in which a living King and a painter at work are seen together in a studio” (L36, 20:11). The subject is multifaceted; the painting is entitled Maids of Honor, referring to the princess’ maids who are attending to her, but are not the focus…

I think Velazquez was trying to portray a beautiful young girl and her hardworking maids. In the picture Velazquez was trying to portray royalty at it’s finest. A king who would only settle for the best for his daughter. She is waited on hand and foot by her hardworking maids and caretakers. This painting also shows how Velazquez wanted to emphasize how fragile this young girl was. This painting seemed to scream vulnerability. This girl looks no older than eight years old and looks like she…

In the 16th Century, religion divided Europe. However, a hand full of rulers influenced their countries and led them towards success. These rulers were known as politiques. Politiques were rulers or people in places of position that put the success and well being of their states above religious unity. They did not just change how Europe was politically but changed it culturally as well. The rulers accomplished religious stability in their countries, balanced their governments, gained…

son of Francois I, King of France, Henri II. The King and the rest of the French public quickly realised that Catherine’s rank was somewhat low to be marrying a prince, and that her dowry should have been larger. However, Francois I…