Phenotype

DNA is the scientific way to identify oneself, it contains one’s personal roadmap set up for life. However, DNA is not set in stone, environmental factors can alter the gene expression of an individual, this phenomenon is known as epigenetics. Epigenetics is how chemical signals modify genes without changing the overall structure of the DNA sequence. The chemicals that are produced affect which genes are expressed due to environmental factors (Turner). A big factor in a person’s environment is…

“A pedigree is a chart, or family tree, that traces the inheritance of a trait.” A pedigree shows genotype and phenotype as well as other information regarding the inheritance and carrying of different traits throughout several generations. This information relates to previous information in that I already had the basic level of understanding that some diseases could…

topic, such as who determines which genes are ‘good’ or ‘bad’? Will gene therapy make certain traits and characteristics undesirable and thus making us more un-accepting? If we can use gene therapy to change our genes, can we use it to change our phenotype or intellectual abilities? (http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/therapy/ethics) These are the types of questions many raise when talking about gene therapy and why it shouldn’t be used widespread. Medications which are also being trialled are…

Throughout the years, there has been a great racial difference in health, in which it has been characterized in many ways. African Americans are the ones who are affected the most. Health care is defined as prevention and management of injury, illness, diseases, and the prevention of mental and physical problems. Health is an universal problem that everyday day many are dealing with health issues, that sometimes there is nothing you can do. In the society we live in Africans are the most…

For many years, nonspecific and widely acting cytotoxic drugs have been the conventional approach in cancer therapy. The scope of treatments for cancer patients has been expanding and transitioning as scientists continue learning about malignant cells and the genetics that control them. As it has become increasingly clear that individuals who suffer from the same type of cancer often have very similar genetic defects, scientists have begun to focus on gene-expression signatures as molecular…

distinct male and female forms. This is the sexual selection, adaptive changes in males and females often due to male competition and female selectivity. (Biology, Sylvia s mader and Michael winderlspecht pg 297 - 298). Usually this is the result of phenotype selection but, this is tied in with the selection of genotypes. Size and colorations of features in a mate may indicate features that are not readily observable. For example, the males of the three-spined stickleback fished; the more…

Introduction In 1948 the longitudinal based Framingham heart (FHS) study began. This used an initial cohort of 5, 209 men and women from Framingham MA, USA to instigate the risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease (Dawber 1980). The study continued to capture data from the spouse and offspring of the initial cohort; these became the second and third generations. The data from the Framingham heart study led to the development of the prediction risk profile model of CVD. This assesses…

Federation). Even though polar bears do spend time on land, they tend to spend most of their time in the sea, hence why they are considered a “marine mammal”. Their fur is “hollow and reflects light” and this allows for the bear to have white fur phenotype(Lockwood,S.). Not only does the thick white fur serve as protection of the cold, but also to help the polar bears camouflage in the cold Artic area (National Wildlife Federation). In the polar bear population, the dominant allele codes for…

variation, it only works on the existing variation in the population. Natural selection is not progressive, and does not strive for perfection. The thing about natural selection that separates it from evolution is that natural selection works on the phenotype of individuals while evolution works on the genotype…

you would need to know in order to help the farmer? (5 points) Water When corns were got deficient water. Thus, corns were not substrate for photosynthesis rate and stress. Corns produced less carbohydrates and starch that affect to yield. Root phenotype is long and short .long root is deep in soil for absorption of underground water. Short root is spread wide root at absorption of top soil for water and nutrients. When corns were got a lot of water or flood. Sometimes root of corns were not…