Phenols

ourselves. Essential oils are the life-force of plants. 1. The chemistry of essential oils is very complex. a) An essential oils can contain anywhere from 80 to more than 300 chemical constituents. b) They are composed of three major fractions: phenols, monoterpenes, and sesquiterpenes 2. Distillation can have a dramatic effect on the chemical make-up of the essential oil. a) First distillation is much more potent that second, third, or complete distillations. b) Excessive heat can break…

If the staff forget to write down any detail at all they would be punished severely. (“Medical Experiments”..) Then after they took the twins measurements most of them got an injection to the heart. This injection was made of either chloroform or phenol which would kill them instantly. If they didn’t get this shot in their heart they were put in the cabins with the other twins and given a tattoo with a special number code. This was how they identified them. (Rosenberg) A regular day in the…

Materials and Methods Materials used in experiment 1.1A: Nutrient agar plate Materials used in experiment 1.1B: Nutrient agar plate, Sterile cotton swab In experiment 1.1B a nutrient agar plate was opened and left in an arbitrary spot in the laboratory and left untouched for three hours, at the end of the lab it was collected and incubated at . In part B a swab/swab rinse method was preformed in order to inoculate the nutrient agar plate. A sterile cotton swab was taken out of its packaging, an…

Magnesium Sulphate Paste Magnesium sulfate, also known as Epsom salt, is a common household item that has numerous uses. Some people use it for therapeutic purposes, especially when used in hydrotherapy, bath soaks, and other formulas. One form of therapeutic product commonly used is magnesium sulphate paste, which you can make at home for personal use. This paste can be used like a skin ointment to treat common conditions. Learn more about the benefits of magnesium sulphate and how to make your…

Suberin contains dicarboxylic acids so it is different from cutin and it also contain a big number of phenol containing compounds.Its monomers are C16-C28 ω-hydroxy fatty acids, alcohols ,C16-C26 α,ω-dicarboxylic acids, ferulate, very-long-chain fatty acids and, glycerol. (1) (2) Figure 3. Diagram of root cells of plant (1) Location: It is present…

Pharmacological properties: From 2000 years Morchella species has been used in Traditional Chinese medicine as well as in Japan and Malaysia for the treatment of various diseases (Hobbs, 1995). They contain a wide variety of biomolecules which possess bioactive and nutritional properties, used as a healthcare by traditional hill societies (Wasser and Weis, 1999; Prasad et al., 2002; Ferreira et al., 2009; Ferreira et al., 2010; Alves et al., 2012). Morchella are commonly used for the treatment…

A process is disclosed for separating low molecular weight alcohols, especially ethanol, from aqueous mixtures  The feed mixture contains alcohol and water with an extractive solvent comprising a substituted and unsubstituted phenol having 6 carbon atoms and alcohol containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms.  In the process the upper stream contains water with minimum amount of solvent that is 99.9% and the bottom stream contains alcohol with minimum amount of water.  The temperature of the process is…

Ammonia is a compound composed of nitrogen and hydrogen, having the formula NH3. The ammonia molecule is formed by sp3 orbitals as it has a tetrahedral geometry and a trigonal pyramidal shape. Ammonia has an experimentally determined bond angle of 106.7°, and an a bond length of 101.7 pm. The nitrogen atom in the molecule has a lone electron pair, which gives the molecule a dipole moment and polarity. Ammonia’s lone electron pair makes NH3 a base, a proton acceptor, and gives it the ability to…

Citrus is the general term for plants belonging to the family Rutaceae (Fejzic and Cavar, 2014). Citrus fruits are one of the important horticultural crops, with worldwide agricultural production of over 80 million tons per year. Brazil, China, United States, Mexico, India and Spain are the leading producers (Karoui, I. J and Marzouk, B, 2013, Marti et al., 2009). The most common citrus fruits are sweet orange (C. sinensis Osbeck), mandarin (C. reticulata Blanco), lime (C. aurantifolia Christm),…

cigarette butts is discussed in depth. “Nicotine found in cigarette butts may cause vomiting and neurological toxicity; leachates of cigarette butts in aquatic environments may cause exposure to additional toxic chemicals including heavy metals, ethyl phenol and pesticide residues.” When it comes to the health and safety of infants, it’s apparent that it’s an important issue. However, with animals such as birds and fish, it may not be as apparent. With a fairly basic understanding of the…