Phenols

ABSTRACT: The Microbiology & Immunology Laboratory Unknown Identification Project is designed to test the students’ skills and knowledge of performing biochemical tests learned during the course of the lab. Students receive a numbered tube containing a mixed culture of two unknown organisms and are required to determine the identity of each microorganism by performing a series of biochemical tests of their choice. Unknown test tube #25 was obtained and streaked onto two agar plates to obtain…

fatal if ingested by your dog or cat. Cleaners, such as laundry detergent, bleach and disinfectants burn when ingested as well as when they are inhaled. One of the most common, yet most toxic household products is pine-oil cleaners. There is a high phenol content in these products that can cause serious liver damage in pet; even a simple exposure, such as licking their paw after the walking on a freshly mopped floor can be harmful. Garden Products When you’re done working in the garden, it’s…

Because of its special form of the cell wall as being an acid fast bacterium, all the initial dyes are retained instead of washed away. Therefore, we didn’t use ordinary methods for staining but instead we used carbol fuchsin, a mixture of phenol and fuchsin, to stain our bacteria. There are many different type of mycobacteria in this world that shared some similarities with M. leprae but one of the most well known and the most similar to M. leprae is Mycobacterium tuberculosis. M. tuberculosis…

In Period 11 of lab, two experiments were conducted: one investigative and one preparative. Both experiments demonstrated the theory and concepts behind electrophilic aromatic substitution. As the term states, the experiments deal with the chemistry of six membered ring compounds and their transformations through electrophilic substitutions. This type of reaction transforms the aromatic compound by allowing various functional groups to be attached to it. The general process of this reaction is…

seem to have a higher rate of recurrence.10 Unni recommendations that aggressive lesions (lesions with cortical erosion or cortical breakthrough) should be treated with wide cortical saucerisation and curettage. Cryotherapy or phenol can be used as adjuvants.2 Vascularised or cancellous autogenous grafts would give maximum bone incorporation but donor site morbidity limits their…

In today 's society, there are ways to prevent disease and infection. The two main ways to prevent the spread of disease is to use hand sanitizers, or to wash your hands. Many say that hand sanitizers kill the pathogens, or “microorganisms that causes disease that accumulate on your hands” (Krystine). Also, people say that hand washing is the best way to prevent pathogens from spreading, which is true. In the past, before people were educated on the risk factors of not being sanitary, sickness…

Introduction Determining the concentrations of proteins is necessary for a variety of different reasons. For example, protein concentration must be known in order for proteins to be used in enzyme reactions, as the correct stoichiometry must be known. Another example is protein purification; during protein purification the quantity of protein present must be known to determine the yield1. The quantification of proteins is determined by methods known as protein assays. There are different…

There were many tests performed on my unknown, which led me to conclude that the unknown microorganism is Pseudomonas fluorescens. When determining the gram reaction of the unknown, a Gram stain was done. This process differentiates between a Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganism. This is done in four steps. The microorganism was stained with iodine, crystal violet, alcohol and acetone, and safranin. Iodine was used first as it acts as a mordant. It forms an insoluble complex by binding…

Carbonyl compounds undergo various types of reaction. In these reaction the carbonyl carbon or carbonyl oxygen is prone to attack generally by a nucleophile. Different types of carbonyl compounds undergo different types of reactions and the mechanisms of them are also different. The products or by-products or intermediate products of these reactions are very much useful in laboratory synthesis, industry etc. here we will discuss some very much important reactions which are very important for…

Dr. Mengele's Time at Auschwitz “Three thousand twins were selected for Dr. Mengele’s medical experiments. Only 200 children were found when the camp was liberated” (“Josef Mengele”). The three thousand twins were subjected to many medical experiments. Josef Mengele performed unethical experiments during the Holocaust. Josef Mengele, a doctor at Auschwitz, performed many medical experiments and played a big role in the “selection” process . Mengele often selected prisoners for hard labor or…