Pharmacology

Auricular acupuncture has been used widely in substance abuse treatment program throughout the North America and the world, despite limited research evidence for its effectiveness. The national Acupuncture Detoxification Association (NADA) is a standardized 3-5 point’s acupuncture protocol, not only substance abuse but also a broad range of behavior health applications. The objective of this inquiry is to review on literature published about the NADA p 3-5 point ear acupuncture protocol in terms…

The existence of a medication that would provide individuals increased intelligence and performance without any long-term side effects and limited transient effects would seem to be a fantastic advancement in human medicine. Because the possibilities to use such a medication are endless, such a drug would raise issues regarding regulation. Questions such as: Who should have access to the drug? and When the drug can and should be used? will arise. This has the potential to be a very real issue…

Is Tapping into the CBD Market for You? The marijuana market is getting more and more attention. Broad recreational use laws now exist in seven states and the District of Columbia, making it legal to own and sell in these areas. Additionally, 29 states, including those with recreational use, have approved broad-use medical marijuana. This more accepting culture and the shift in regulations make CBD oil a product with broad market appeal. As a non-psychoactive substance, CBD oil is often…

There are many different mental illnesses, and multiple different ways to treat them. Some of the well known treatments of mental illnesses are therapy, and an abundance of different prescription drugs. An alternative way to treat certain mental illnesses could be Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine. Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine is defined as “treatment which assists the body with pain minimisation, reduced stress and greater mobility providing the body with the opportunity to heal itself.”…

Week 3 Part 1 In this week’s readings we focus on what exactly is illness. We talk about illness often whether it’s about mental illness, calling off sick from work, or suffering from a disease. It may seem like an easy thing to define, but it’s actually very difficult because illness could mean so many different things to different people. There are two models of illness, medical and sociological. Medical models of illness are objective, nonmoral, apolitical, and result from unique…

In modern day America there is heavy debate about the healthcare system currently instated in the United States. The debate itself is centered around how much power insurance and pharmaceutical companies should have. Many Americans believe that these companies are only focusing on making profit, not helping the sick, and thus more Americans today are pushing for centralized, government regulated healthcare. In Michael Moore’s documentary Sicko, the film clearly defines the major problems with…

Fact: Steroid regimen Dr. Kikuchi pointed out that less experienced doctors may not be sure about optimum frequency or timing of steroid administration in a day as well as the dosage amount per a day. Dose amount/frequency of steroid, usage of Tac and anti-TNFα bio can be depend on if pts are hospitalize or ambulatory in addition to their disease status. Insight: Advantage of self-injection Having an option of self-injection is a big strength, which allows ADA to be used for pts in various…

Milnirone Milrinone, a bipyridine derivative, is a phosphodiesterase III (PDE) inhibitor that prevents the breakdown of cAMP and cGMP. Clinically, milrinone has replaced amrinone, the prototype PDE inhibitor owing to its greater intropic potency, enhanced PDE III selectivity, shorter half life and favorable adverse effect profile. Mechanism of action: Milrinone's selective inhibition of PDE III leads to elevated levels of cAMP with cardiac and smooth muscle cells. Consequently, positive…

Prescription ad campaigns are the majority of what people see while watching television. The direct to consumer (DTC) television advertisements of a prescription drug, dominates the airways. As Americans, we are inundated with prescription drug information and it seems that these ads act as a replacement for a doctor visit. Decades ago drug makers primary source for marketing medication were physician and pharmacist, but today DTC marketing has mostly targeted the consumer. The Federal Drug &…

Bupropion works by inhibiting the neuronal uptake of both dopamine and norepinephrine (Stall, Godwin, & Juurlink, 2014). Bupropion is also an antagonist for acetylcholine (Stall et al., 2014). Bupropion is considered a second generation antidepressant (Moreira, 2011). Compared to other antidepressants, bupropion acts as a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (Moreira, 2011). Bupropion can be taken in a once daily extended release tablet or an immediate release tablet that is taken…