Pharmacokinetics

Case 2: Drug selection in treatment of migraine-Triptan Migraine is a severe headache felt as a throbbing pain at the front or side of the head. Triptan, the 5-hydroxytryptamine agonists are widely used as first-line abortive therapies for migraine headache patients. The currently available triptans offer clear evidence of improved clinical and economic outcomes compared with previous anti-migraine therapies, such as ergotamine alkaloids. However, the clinical and economic benefits of triptans…

Anastrozole is a selective 3rd generation nonsteroidal aromatase Inhibitor [1]. Anastrozole is indicated in treatment of early and advanced breast cancer in post-menopausal women, adjuvant therapy of hormone receptor positive breast cancer, metastatic breast cancer and tenderness of pubertal gynecomastia [2,4,5]. The main type of breast cancer is hormone receptor positive breast cancer, which is caused by an increase of oestrogen levels in the body [3] this is because oestrogen causes an…

There are strong pregnancy warnings for patients using isotretinoin. What are the birth defects that may occur as a result of isotretinoin use and how common are they? Introduction: Almost everyone can expect to experience acne to some degree during their lifetime. Acne is characterized by noninflammatory, open or closed comedones and by inflammatory pustules, papules or nodules. It affects mostly the dense skin area with lots of sebaceous follicles such as face, back and upper part of the…

swelling and inflammation. ETD is administered as a racemate. As with other NSAIDs, the S-form has been shown to be active while the R-form is inactive. Both enantiomers are stable and there is no evidence of R- to S- conversion in-vivo. 3.1.5 Pharmacokinetics…

inhibitor of factor Xa, which inhibits prothrombinase activity to result in prevention of the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin, inhibition of subsequent thrombin-induced platelet aggregation, and suppression of resultant thrombus formation. Pharmacokinetics: Edoxaban has a half-life of 10 to 14 hours, a time to peak of 1 to 2 hours, a mean absolute bioavailability of 62%, and a volume of distribution of 107 liters. It undergoes moderate protein binding (approximately 55%) and is minimally…

1.1. General The World Health Organization defines traditional medicine as "the sum total of the knowledge, skills, and practices based on the theories, beliefs, and experiences indigenous to different cultures, whether explicable or not, used in the maintenance of health as well as in the prevention, diagnosis, improvement or treatment of physical and mental illness" .India has the unique distinction of having six recognized systems of traditional medicine, viz. Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and…

GENTAMICIN The drug selected for study is Gentamicin. Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic composed of a mixture of related Gentamicin components and fractions and is used to treat many types of bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Gram-negative organisms. Isolation and Preliminary studies 2 demonstrated that it is a mixture of basic, water soluble antibiotic containing the aminocyclitol 2-deoxystreptamine and two additional amino sugars. Chromatographic separation of…

chronic as well as infectious diseases (Duraipandiyan et al., 2006). Clinical trials are necessary to demonstrate the effectiveness of a bioactive compound to verify this traditional claim. Clinical trials are directed towards understanding the pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, efficacy, safety…

Infectious Coryza Limited by the knowledge of microbes, infectious coryza was not regarded as a distinct avian disease until 1920s. In 1932, the causative agent was isolated and named as Haemophilus gallinarum afterwards. Based on the identification of Page in 1960s, H. paragallinarum was isolated and regarded as the true causative bacteria. However, recent researches have confirmed both these two species belong to Avibacterium genus and are both reason for the fowl coryza, while most researches…

ABSTRACT Introduction There are different types of pneumonia, whereby Hospital Acquired Pneumonia is one of them. It is a disease that is contracted in a hospital normally after 48 hours of admission. This is dangerous, normally bacterial, disease. What make the disease so dangerous is that the patients who contract the Hospital Acquired Pneumonia immune system are low as they are already critically ill. The germs in the hospital are also more dangerous than that in the community. Case…