Perpetual peace

Bentham is a utilitarian who believed the value of pleasure and pain could be measured under certain circumstances ( Doyle 226). In his fourth essay, “A Plan for an Universal and Perpetual Peace,” Bentham presents the shape of an organized International system and collective security. He outlines the remedying strategy by supplying what is missing. Furthermore, Bentham addresses the ideas of collective security and disarmament; where…

self-gain, with peace as the central purpose. With multilateral and bilateral agreements at the forefront of war, we must consider what the study of international relations brings forth to us, that is, the empirical law of the “democratic peace theory”. The theory suggests that democracies are reluctant to engage in armed conflict with other formally identified democracies as a way to discourage state-sponsored violence. Immanuel Kant’s work, “Perceptual Peace”, tells us that peace is a…

with no back up and an embarrassment to American credibility. The Obama administration 's actions are passive and have a peace keeping effort driving it but from a realist point of view, they are viewed as spineless and exploitable. Fleitz believes that war is unavoidable and America needs to show their strength in the Middle East so the war is not brought overseas because peace is unachievable. Fleitz also comments on Middle East allies shifting because of Obama 's “non-policy”. There are…

The protection and human security of civilians is one of the primary purposes of the UN department of peacekeeping, yet evidence for whether or not they are actually effective in prevention of civilian deaths is a topic that has been controversially debated since the end of the cold war when peacekeeping interventions escalated. While the UN has been criticized for it’s failures, there is no doubt that some of their peacekeeping missions have been highly effective in the protection of citizen…

awarded the Nobel Prize for peace in this year. Exactly three years ago, Malala Yousafzai was shot in his hometown by the Taliban, because she is struggling to achieve the goal of peace, education and equality. After she did exactly well what was needed to become healthy again, Malala published autobiography called I AM MALALA, she went on to win several awards from European Parliament Sakharov. Through the use of literary elements, Malala argues achieving the goal of peace, education and…

Conflict resolution is a hard enough concept to grasp without throwing religion into the mix. Rabbi Amy Eilberg was not fazed by conquering both in her book From Enemy To Friend: Jewish Wisdom and the Pursuit of Peace. Rabbi Eilberg first decided to write her book on conflicts between faiths when she noticed her synagogue fighting ferociously about the events going on between Israel and Palestine, both in person and on a listserve. Horrified at how her peers were discussing the tragedy, she…

There’s an old Jewish saying that says “Two Jews, Three opinions”. The same can be said about political scientists. When it comes to complex topics such as the causes of civil wars, many in the field of political science have differing opinions on how they start and how to classify them. Many of the written material read for class, such as Jesse and Williams’ “Ethnic Conflict”, stride more towards a constructivist side of civil war, reinforce more of a primordialist view on Civil Wars. Some…

creation of Resolution 1325 the changing nation of warfare in which civilians are increasingly targeted, and women continue to be excluded from participation in peace processes. Most people view women as simply victims of civil war in their countries. However, that is not always the case for majority women. Women are critical actors in peace building. The end of the Cold War era of international politics was detrimental within the Third World. Conflicts would arise where regional stability…

As we continue to speculate the plausibility of superhuman AI, some have become concerned about our future regarding such technologically advanced entities. Their concerns are chiefly of two forms. Some concerns are regarding the possibility of AI systems achieving goals or exhibiting behaviors that are much different than what the designer originally purported. This may happen perhaps due to our inability to understand the technical issues involving complex systems, resulting in design errors.…

Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, or ISIS, has permeated the minds of Americans from the right wing to the left wing. Most agree that something needs to be done to ensure the safety and security of the United States of America, but what exactly needs to be done is an entirely separate argument. If ISIS launched a series of attacks against American embassies and caused mass casualties overseas, it is the United States’ responsibility as the indispensable nation to act against them and for those…