Pernicious anemia

Thalassemia is known to be an inherited genetic blood disorder that results in mild to severe anemia due to the abnormal formation of hemoglobin. Thalassemia is inherited by either one or both parents. A mutation in either chromosome 11 (Deisserot et al, 1978) effect the synthesis of beta hemoglobin, whereas a mutation on chromosome 16 affect the synthesis of alpha hemoglobin(Deisserot et al, 1977). Hemoglobin is a tetramer made of two alpha chains and two beta chains (Cao et al, 2010). The…

intestinal disorders, or excessive blood donation. Hookworm disease is another important factor in causation of anaemia due to chronic blood loss. The mean daily loss of blood from an Ancylostoma duodenal is 0.15 nil and Necator americans is 0.03ml. In rural areas, post partum haemorrhage on account of poor obstetric spaced pregnancies and prolonged periods of lactation deplete iron stores with each successive pregnancy and this is reflected in the high incidence of anaemia with higher parity.…

Arterial diameter, diffusion distance, and proportion of wrapping were manually measured for vessel pairs that were matched in both the light micrographs and micro-CT images in a blinded manner. Artery-vein pairs were identified, matched in both micro-CT and light microscopy images, and then labelled. Measurements were first made for the artery-vein pairs in the light micrographs. Then, measurements were made for the artery-vein pairs in the micro-CT images. A total of 25 vessel pairs were…

physical loss of an individual’s soul. A vast majority of individuals experience death in different ways. In other words, death can come slowly and painfully, or quickly and painlessly. Three years ago, my cousin, Ollie Green, died of sickle cell anemia. Ollie’s life could be described as the process of baking a cake. When I received the news of his death, my perfectly prepared cake was now burnt and destroyed. A correlation of contradicting emotions suppressed my mind. Is this really the end?…

The average life expectancy for females with sickle cell anemia is 48 years. Since both my client’s parents has the sickle cell gene, 25 percent of infants with both parents having the gene will inherit it. Statistics showed that the intake of vitamins E and D, folate, calcium, and fiber as %DRI was lower for…

Haemoglobinopathies Bain (2011) defined Haemoglobinopathies as diseases caused by inherited globin synthesis disorders and thus affects the haemoglobin protein of the blood and its function. It can be argued that haemoglobinopathies are the most common gene recessive disorders in the world (Streetly and Dick 2005). In Australia, the increase of cases with haemoglobinopathies disorder is due to immigration of ethnicities that belongs in the risk list (Metcalfe, Barrow-Stewart and Campbell 2007).…

The iron metabolism is regulated by Hepcidin, a hormone synthesized in the liver, and the inflammatory condition, present in the uremia, stimulates its production. Hepcidin regulates the absorption of iron in the diet and recycled iron from senescent erythrocytes, exerting its function related to the ferroportin protein found in all cells involved in iron homeostasis. Ferroportin is crucial for cellular iron export and is the only iron efflux mechanism. The expression of ferroportin is…

INTRO Polycythemia Vera (PV) is a slow growing blood cancer that causes the bone marrow to over produce blood cells. It is a chronic progressive Myeloproliferative Neoplasm (MPN) primarily characterized by an elevation of red blood cells ("Polycythemia Vera (PV)," 2014). SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Most people with PV don’t experience symptoms, but those who do will undergo headache, weakness, excessive sweating, painful swelling of one joint (often the big toe), difficulty breathing when you lie down,…

side of the world. There are several types of thalassemia, and the disease is also known as Cooley’s anemia or Mediterranean anemia. The disease is autosomal recessive, meaning that if both parents are unknowing carriers of thalassemia, there is a one in four chance of their children having the disease. Patients who have thalassemia cannot produce the normal amount of hemoglobin, which results in anemia, and the…

Interview: Sickle cell anemia (SCD) is a special form of anemia which is inherited from the parents to the sons, and in which the shape of red blood cells (RBCs) is changed, usually the red blood cells is shaped like round discs, but in sickle cell anemia the red blood cells are shaped like crescent moons, or sickles that leads to the not enough healthy red blood cells which become unable to carry adequate amount of oxygen to the different body organs. Normally the red blood cells are round and…