Periodontal ligament

one puts it under day in and day out. The knee is made up of a collection of bones, ligaments, and cartilage that work together to act as shock absorbers to transfer load throughout the leg. The femur comes down along the thigh and enters the patella (also known as the knee cap), which connects to the tibia below the knee. Ligaments such as the ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) and PCL (posterior cruciate ligament)…

ENDOBUTTON TECHNIQUE AND OUTCOME FOR THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT DISLOCATION INTRODUCTION: Dis-joining of AC- joint is one of the most common shoulder dislocation seen specially among active individuals and athletes. According to Rockwood classification, nonoperative treatments are recommended for Rockwood 1 and 2 type separations, while the management of Rockwood 3 dislocation still remains controversial. Rockwood 4 and above mentioned type of dislocations require…

Q-Angle is defined as, the measurement of the angle between the quadriceps muscles and the patella tendon and provides useful information about the alignment of the knee joint. The Q angle gives an idea how the thigh muscles functions to move the knee and also how the knee cap (patella) tracks in the groove of the knee joint. A normal knee cap should move up and down within the groove with flexion and extension of the knee. When the Q angle is excessive, the knee cap tends to track out of…

Surgical Breathing Saving a life is no easy task. To make things worse is when you must cause the patient more harm to allow their body to function properly or when dealing with a problem that can’t be seen. Which is why a Cricothyrotomy is such a sensitive topic. Even a minor slip up can cause the patient to lose their voice or could even cause them to bleed out. That’s why it takes the utmost patience, focus, and diligence. To begin you need to check your patient for vital signs. So, start…

Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament The anterior tibiofibular ligament is often referred to as the high ankle ligament, and it is the one that is damaged when the foot is stuck on the ground and rotated inwardly. The ankle is a hinge joint that connects the foot and the leg, allowing up and down movement. The tibia and fibula bones of the leg form a slot where the talus bone of the foot fits between them. The talus is held to the tibia and fibula by ligaments. Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament The…

connected through ligaments, our knees have four main ligaments. Two of the ligaments in our knee is the medial collateral ligament (MCL), this ligament prevents valgus (force from the outside of the knee, forcing the knee inward) stress to the knee and lateral collateral ligament(LCL), this ligament prevents varus (force from the inside of the knee,forcing the knee outward) stress to the knee. Another ligament in the knee is the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), this ligament prevents…

people, shoulder dislocations tend to arise from trauma, often associated with playing sports. These include football, basketball and volleyball. However, older patients are prone to dislocation due to the weakening of their supporting shoulder ligaments and cartilages, therefore, even small falls could lead to serious displacement of a joint. Other causes of shoulder dislocations are: Traumatic shoulder dislocations, which occur when the…

Turf toe is a painful hyperextension of the large toe. It is a result of when the cleats of the player’s shoe grabs the artificial turf mesh and causes an overextension of the large toe. Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) tears are one of the foremost common artificial turf injuries. The ACL ligament is located deep within the knee joint. It connects the knee to the tibia and the femur. It is caused when the bones of the leg twist in opposite directions under full body weight and the ACL tears…

will affect the final payment. The amount of health insurance coverage is the major contributor in the treatment program costs. What is a Torn MCL? An injury due to bending or changing directions can create a rip or tear in the medial collateral ligament or MCL. The MCL is located on the inner side of the knee; connecting the thighbone and the lower…

In today’s society, injuries occur all around us: from a small paper cut, a tear of a ligament, or a bone breaking in the body. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the four central ligaments that stabilize the knee (Ref). This ligament prevents the tibia from sliding from the front of the femur and runs diagonally in the middle of the knee (ref). It is estimated that 70 percent of these tears occur through non-contact, while the other 30 percent occur from direct contact, whether it…