Periodic group

The history of piezoelectricity evolution is over 120 years which was discovered by brothers Curie in 1880. They were Pierre Curie (1859-1906) and Jacques Curie (1855-1941). During the study of the generation surface electrical charge by applying pressure on some material, they found out an unusual phenomenon which was a voltage of opposite polarity was generated by pressure was applied on the crystalline minerals such as quartz. The amplitude of the generated voltage was proportional to the…

Cerium is a rare earth element of the lanthanide series (atomic no. = 57– 71) of the periodic table. Among the various rare earth metals, cerium granted a hugeattention towards scientific community due to its catalytic antioxidant property. Usually, antioxidants protect cells from oxidative damage, mediated by ‘reactive oxygen species’ (ROS), which include free radicals such as superoxide anion (O2•-), hydroxyl radical (•OH), singlet oxygen (1O2) and non-free radical species like hydrogen…

Written exercise Paragraph 1 Iron phosphate, FePO4, has a very similar structure as quartz. Quartz has a trigonal lattice structure with space group P3121 (group no. 152). Similarly, at temperature below 980K, iron phosphate exists as α-FePO4, which also exhibits trigonal lattice structure with space group P3121 in which iron, phosphate and oxygen occupy Wyckoff position 3a, 3b and 6c respectively. In quartz, every silicon atom is connected to four oxygen atoms to form a network of…

The CGS framework retreats to a proposition in 1832 by the German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss to base an arrangement of supreme units on the three essential units of length, mass and time. Gauss picked the units of millimeter, milligram and second The centimetre–gram–second arrangement of units (truncated CGS or cgs) is a variation of the metric framework taking into account the centimeter as the unit of length, the gram as the unit of mass, and the second as the unit of time. All CGS…

The garnet ferrites have the general formula RFe5O12, where R is one of the rare earth metal ions (Y, Gd, Dy, Sm, Eu, Ho, Er, Tm, Tb and Lu). The first trail for synthesis of garnet Yttrium ferrite (Y3Fe5O12) was done by Bertaut and Forret in 1956 [39], this trial was followed by another one in 1957 when Geller and Gilleo prepared and investigated Gd3Fe5O12 [40]. The garnet ferrites have complex crystal structure with cubic shape. The cubic unit cell of garnet ferrites R3Fe5O12 contains 8…

boron. The symbol of boron is a just a capital B. The atomic number of boron is 5. Boron’s mass is 10.811 grams. Boron has 5 protons, 6 neutrons, and 5 electrons. The Periodic Table lists elements in numerical order from the smallest atomic number to the largest atomic number. That is why boron is the 5th element on the Periodic Table. It comes after beryllium and before carbon. Boron was discovered on June 30th in 1808. It was discovered by French chemists, Louis-Jaques Thénard and…

Holmium is a brilliant dim metal found in the lanthanide section on the periodic table, which is for the most part appeared at the bottom of the periodic table. This element has 67 protons in its nucleus, which implies it is the 67th component on the periodic table. Holmium is pliable, which infers it can be bowed and folded. It is the foremost magnetic component of the periodic table. The name comes from the element lanthanum. The lanthanides are also known as rare earth elements. Although…

1879 by Scientist Lars Fredrik Nilson in the university of Uppsala. The origin of the name comes from the word Scandia, which is the latin name for Scandinavia. This element belongs to group 3 which consists of transition metals and Scandium shares this group with the element Yttrium. There are 4 groups in the periodic table and they are: metals, non metals, transition metals and gases. The chemical properties of Scandium are very similar to the rare earth elements. It reacts very quickly with…

Research Paper John Murray like most scientists was not really appreciated while he was an alive but his discoveries were a major help after he died. He lived in a time that scientific discoveries were plentiful so it was extremely east for something like the study of oceanography to be overlooked. His discoveries lead to him being called the father of Oceanography (Sir John Murray-Founder of Oceanography). He was born in Canada in 1841 to Scottish parents. He soon moved to Edinburgh,…

the periodic table in depth. Within the first nine chapters of the novel, Kean explains the importance of location on the table, origin and discovery of each element, and its impact on other aspects of human life. Through various tales, the table is pulled apart and analyzed in an ingenious way. To a reader, it is interesting to follow how our life is determined by the elements of the periodic table, as they can create, heal, or destroy our entire world. To begin, Kean introduces the periodic…