Penicillin

Azziz reported that the hexane extract of S.aromaticum has good antibacterial properties on both E.coli, and S. aureus based on the zone of inhibition which has a diameter range of 7mm to 10mm. In this study, the extract of hexane of S.aromaticum showed positive antibacterial properties against E. coli, and S. aureus for concentrations of 25, 50, 75, 100. The methanol extract showed positive against S. aureus for 75 and 100 mg/ml. The DCM extract showed positive for E. coli, S. aureus, (100…

Strategies Raising awareness (3) among the public and healthcare professionals through campaigns and events can help to educate people to the risks of antibiotic resistance and measures they can take to reduce the risk of it. Since 2008 there has been an European Antibiotic awareness day each year which has been found to be not only successful in raising awareness and changing the behaviour of healthcare professionals and the public in the way that they handle antibiotics but it was also quite…

Another method in which antibiotic resistance occurs is via the freezing of polymorphisms (Eric D. Brown and Gerald D. Wright 2016). Polymorphisms are discontinuous variations in gene which results in numerous types of individuals within a species an example being the variations that exist between the single Canisfamiliaris species of dog. In the case of antibiotic resistance, freezing of certain polymorphisms means that bacte1ia cells who have variation which adequate makes up for fitness…

Sulfa drugs are the common name for a drug category known as sulfonamides which are effective towards a lot of infectious diseases. They are known as one of the first drugs to fix the issues in a time when most drugs could not work to help prevent sickness. Sulfonamides are a group of antimicrobial drugs that contain the sulfanilamide group used to treat certain bacterial infections. The way in which they were discovered is unique. Sulfa drugs were widely used during World war II, which made a…

has a low ß-lactam binding affinity. Therefore, it can mediate cell wall synthesis even in the presence of ß-lactam drugs (5). mecA Homolog mecC gene Recently, mec C gene was found to confer ß-lactam resistance in SCCmecXI-carrying S. aureus. The mec C gene was found to share 70% similarity to mec A. Where as mec C encoded PBP2A homolog PBP2C, shares only 63% identity with PBP2A protein. In order to prove its role in Methicillin resistance, a knockout strain was generated.These stains have…

the development of different strains, hospital-acquired MRSAs (HA-MRSA), community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) and livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA), represent sub-groups of MRSA all of which are resistant to [beta]-lactam antibiotics, including penicillin, amoxicillin, oxacillin and methicillin. Given the resistant nature of the bacteria, along with high infection rates – 72,444 cases of invasive MRSA infections in the US per year, MRSA poses a serious problem to public health. In order to…

Antibiotic creams, also known as topical ointments are preparations designed to fight bacteria on the skin. The main difference between antibiotic creams and ointments is the oil to water ratio. For instance, ointments contain an average of 80% oil and 20% water while creams contain a relatively lower oil to water ratio. This is why ointments tend to feel greasier and stickier than creams. We have chosen three antibiotic creams and three antibiotic ointments in order to find out which…

Question: Although both Antiseptic and Disinfectants have common mechanism, how Antiseptics are more beneficial for the living organism? INDEX S.NO SUB-TOPICS PAGE No. 1 Introduction - Antiseptic vs Disinfectant 2 Antiseptics • Definition • Mode of action of antiseptics • Examples of Antiseptics • Structure of Antiseptic 3 Disinfectants • Definition • Structure of Disinfectants • Mode of action of disinfectants • Examples of disinfectants • Applications of Disinfectant 4…

Many products in Ayurveda have antimicrobial activities against many pathogens. Sindur which is a kulpirasayan also is a broad spectrum antibiotic. Antimicrobial activity of tal sindur : Metallic and mineral preparations are unique preparations in Ayurveda. Along with herbal preparations which includes Bhasmas, herbo-mineral preparations, Kupipakwa Rasayanas which are inorganic mineral preparation, are the base of treatment of various diseases in the Ayurveda. Tal Sindoor contains mercury ,…

Antibiotic sensitivity is the susceptibility of bacteria to antibiotics. Susceptibility can vary within bacteria of the same species due to different strains; with some strains being more resistant than others. Antimicrobial resistance is the ability of a microorganism to survive and multiply in the presence of an antimicrobial agent that would normally inhibit or kill this species of microorganism. Antibiotic susceptibility tests are done in order to determine, which specific antimicrobials…