Papillomavirus

. HPV was traced back to 1842 in Italy. Scientists were trying to find things that cause cervical cancer. Scientists started observing women’s lifestyles with and without cervical cancer. Observed how married women were developing cervical cancer more exclusively than women of the convent. The interesting difference led researchers to believe that since the main difference between married women and nuns was sex; it was theorized that whatever was causing cervical cancer might be a sexually…

colonoscopies by both physicians and community programs has the potential to improve adherence rates in the African-American population. (Wong et al., 2013). Further, Benard et al., study (2016) found that educating healthcare providers on human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer increase their willingness to follow routine guidelines for cervical screening. (Barrier and Facilitator to Adherence to screening colonoscopy). Providing education on potential risks from too-frequent screening…

Throughout chapter 27 the readers gain more of an understanding of the science behind Henrietta's cells. Most importantly there was the discovery of the sexually transmitted disease called Human Papillomavirus (HPV). What HPV does is turn of a gene that is a tumor suppressor and the HeLa cells tested positive for this HPV virus. While this discovery provided some light on the mystery of Henritta's cause of cancer, it still could not lead to any clues on the uniqueness of Henrietta’s cells. Her…

By the mid 1960’s they found that if you mixed Hela cells with mouse cells it created the first cross-species helped prove that human papillomavirus causes cancer, and they made a vaccine to help prevent it, this could have saved Henrietta’s life it was available then. A few years later, they inject HIV into the HeLa cells to try to find the key receptor in this virus. Thanks to the HeLa cells…

Discussion D5 Reading the information presented on the website, www3.niaid.nih.gov/research/topics, I was amazed by one of the world's most alarming issues of this century, which is the increasing incidence of sexually transmitted diseases, which have a negative effect not only on adults but also on children, on infants. A single unprotected intimate relationship with an infected person is sufficient to contract a sexually transmitted disease (STD). In the absence of an early diagnosis and a…

A, B and Z DNA Structure These three types of DNA all possess the similar property of a double helical structure formed from a sugar-phosphate backbone and containing the 4 bases, adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine, complementarily paired with hydrogen bonding. A and G are purines and have a double ring whereas T and C are pyrimidines and have only a single ring. Within the helix a pyrimidine is always paired with a purine such that G is always paired with C and T with A. The difference…

Squamous Cell Carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma is a common form of skin cancer. It begins in the squamous cells in the outer layer of the skin (epidermis). It occurs most often in parts of the body that are frequently exposed to the sun, such as the face, lips, neck, arms, legs, and hands. However, this condition can occur anywhere on the body, including the inside of the mouth, sites of long-term (chronic) scarring, and the anus. If treated soon enough, squamous cell carcinoma rarely spreads…

You can get syphilis from a bacteria called Treponema pallidum. This disease spreads through kissing and having unprotected sex with multiple people it. It gets spread from oral sex, vaginal sex and anal sex all being unprotected. You can also get syphilis from having a open cut that bacteria can get into. The symptoms include chancre sores. The sore will be probably located where the bacteria entered the body. Some people get more scores than others. After three to six weeks the sores should…

The debate about animal testing being right or wrong has been going on for years now. Although animal testing has improved new medication over the years, as well as it has found the cure for many illnesses, this topic deal with sensitive issues; one of them being, is animal testing morally right? Thanks to animal testing, the wellness, and health of humans have improved significantly, on the other hand, however, by doing the “greater good” innocent animals are being tortured/killed every day.…

and anal infections have showed gender biases in the human population (). It would be interesting to find out this is true in our mouse model. The current study will enable us to define key candidates for potential therapeutic strategies against papillomavirus-associated…