Pain scale

On October 30, 2009, a man was admitted to a Michigan emergency room complaining of pain and numbness in the left hand and arm and pain in the upper back and neck, which had persisted for 10 days. The back pain had improved after chiropractic intervention, but the numbness was getting progressively worse. The right arm showed normal mobility, but the patient was unable to lift the left arm even a couple of inches. A CBC and routine chemistry panel were performed and were normal other than an…

prevalence and incidence of back pain in general there is less information about chronic low back pain, partly because of lack of agreement about the definition. Chronic back pain sometimes is defined as back pain that lasts longer than 7-12 weeks. Others define is as pain that lasts beyond the expected period of healing, and acknowledge the chronic pain may not have well-defined underlying pathological causes. Others classify frequently recurring back pain as chronic pain since it…

As a nurse the primary role in pain management is advocation for the patient by believing reports of pain and act promptly to relieve it, while respect the patient’s preferences and values (Ignatavicius & Workman (2013), p.39). Expected outcome client report that pain management regimen achieves comfort-function goal without side effects, perform activity of recovery or ADLs easily, as well as notify health care team promptly for pain intervention when pain is consistently greater than the…

ENQUÊTE DESCRIPTIVE DES CARACTÉRISTIQUES CLINIQUES DES CERVICALGIES CHRONIQUES Background: Neck pain is a major health burden and one of the most common reasons to consult a health professional1, such as physical therapy (PT). In rehabilitation, better outcomes are obtained when PT treatments are driven by non-specific diagnosis, such as when patients are classified according to their clinical presentation. The intention behind the use of a classification system is to help therapists classify…

To find out the spiciness of a pepper the Scoville scale is the most commonly used system for measuring pungency. The original Scoville scale was invented by Wilbur Scoville. During his experiment, five people ate a spicy pepper. Afterwards, they each drank water with dissolved sugar. When enough sugar was added so that the spiciness could not be tasted, that amount of sugar was recorded and the system was converted into a scale. There are more efficient ways to determine the amount…

The three nursing interventions for this diagnosis are to provide nonpharmacological comfort such as a massage, administer analgesics as indicated for discomfort, and determine location, frequency, duration, and intensity of pain using a zero to ten rating scale. Secondly, she is at risk for deficient fluid volume related to excessive losses through abdominal routs evidence by JP tube and output of dark urine. Her nursing interventions for this include monitor intake and output, assess vital…

Mrs. P is a 43-year-old woman with a “shoulder pain that keeps getting worse” for the duration of six months. Mrs. P’s health was typical until about six months ago when she noticed the onset of deep aching pain that radiates from the left shoulder to the upper left back and the upper left arm. The patient has never had shoulder pain or pain in any other part of the body previously. On a scale of 1 to 10, the pain initially started out as a 4 and for that reason, the patient did not deem it…

Assessment of muscle tone and strength. Mr. X a 52year old person with complaints of joints pains and joints instability, he has a history of frequent falls and injuries, and he has been advised for a strength training programme. Enumerate the various assessment methods used to measure the muscle tone and muscle strength of Mr X Topic: assessment of muscle tone and muscle strength of Mr X. The important component of fitness is muscle tone and muscle strength. It is the ability of an…

enhanced by an increasing dose of tramadol and subsequent increases in plasma (+) tramadol levels. The Drug Interaction Probability Scale (DIPS), a tool that has been developed for guiding a thorough evaluation of the strength of causality in ADR attributed to drug-drug interactions, is a widely used and modified version of the Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale. Applying DIPS in our patient’s case, a score of 5 was obtained, indicating the drug interaction was a probable cause of…

shaking, chest pain, palpitations, nausea and shortness of breath. Post traumatic stress disorder cluster symptoms include disturbing memories and reliving of the trauma. Altered perception cluster complains include hearing voices, suspicion, fear of being followed and fear of being monitored. Stress related medical cluster included tension headache, muscle tension, temporomandibular joint/jaw clenching, increased pain, erectile dysfunction, peptic acid reaction, abdominal pain/cramping…