1. INTRODUCTION Graphene consists of single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice. It is the basic structural element of many other forms of carbon, such as graphite, charcoal, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes. In simple terms, graphene, is a thin layer of pure carbon bonded together in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice. It is the thinnest compound known to man, the lightest material known, the strongest compound discovered, the best conductor of heat at room temperature and also the…
Introduction: Solubility is the “ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent” . The effect of temperature on solubility is that when heat (energy) is added, it increases the speed on which molecules and particles move, therefore making it a quicker process. Where as with cooler temperatures there aren’t as many particles because the solvent doesn’t contain as much energy as warmer temperatures, therefore not dissolving as well as it could if it was warmer. To make jelly…
three steps within those stages. The first is the anaerobic stage takes place in the cytoplasm right outside the mitochondria, which is called Glycolysis. During which, the glucose molecule is broken down into two pyruvic acids. Then it passes the oxygen molecules and enzymes on while producing two molecules of ATP. Some microscopic organisms, like yeast and bacterium, can only use this process of respiration because they don't have the necessary components for the next the next stage in the…
IONIC LIQUIDS Introduction:- Ionic liquids are actually salts that are liquid in state, normally referred to compounds that have melting point below an arbitrary temperature i.e. 100° C. Unlike some other ordinary liquids like water and gasoline, that are composed of neutral species while ionic liquids are composed of ionic species and ionic intermediates commonly known as “ionic fluids” and “liquid electrolytes”. In ionic liquids there is a species that has a delocalized species and the other…
Beryllium General Characteristics According to Hornbostel (1991), Beryllium is a hard, exceptionally, lightweight, gray-white metal, corrosion resistant at ordinary temperatures; chemically it is related to aluminum. Other than titanium, it is the only light metal which has both good strength and a high melting point. Additionally, it is a good electrical conductor, has high modulus of elasticity, exceptionally transmit x-rays and sounds at very high velocities. Moreover, it has the ability to…
2. What are the differences between deep freezer storage and cryo-storage methods? Deep freezing storage and cryo-storage, methods are some of the methods frequently used to preserve microorganisms for a long term storage. Both methods use extremely low temperature to ensure the biological material remains genetically stable and metabolically inert. However both methods differ slightly from each other. Cryo-storage, also known as cryopreservation, uses liquid nitrogen to freeze the…
the effect of light intensity on plant growth through counting the amount of oxygen produced. Hypothesis: If the light intensity increases, than so does the rate of photosynthesis (which a major factor for plant growth). If the rate of photosynthesis increases, than the rate of Oxygen produced as a product also increases, if the rate of photosynthesis decreases than the exact opposite will happen to the amount of oxygen. Scientific explanation: As the light intensity increases so will…
Paragraph 1 Iron phosphate structure with a symbol of FePo4, has crystal structures of FeO4 and PO4 as its tetrahedral links. There would be changes of this quartz type that can be determined by the neutron poly difraction between 294K and 1073K, according to Z. Kristallogr. While structural parameters of the iron phosphate depends on the temperature, whereby iron phosphate would be a beta-phase from an alpha-phase when temperature increases from low to high. Irregularity would also be…
Synthesis ofp-[1-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-1-(p-Methoxyphenyl)Ethyl]Phenol (HMEP) 0.2 mol of phenol was mixed with the solution containing 100 mL of acetic acid in 200 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid in 500 mL five necked round bottom flask fitted with anoil bath, thermometer, mechanical stirrer, reflux condenser. The contents of the flask was stirred for a period of 15 min, the solution was heated to 65oC, 0.1 mol ofp-methoxyacetophenone was introduced into a dropwise to the solution for about 6 h…
about oxidation and reduction (redox reactions). II. Definitions: 1. Combination reactions: Combination reactions are reactions in which two reactants combine to form one product. For example: when a metal undergos a combination reaction with oxygen, a metal oxide is formed. 2. Decomposition reactions: Decomposition reactions are those in which one compound breaks down to form two or more products. For example: Applying heat and electric in aluminothermic reaction: 3. Displacement…