Osteoporosis

P1 the structure and function of the skeletal system The structure of the skeletal system is very diverse and complex, made up of many different components that all work together to perform certain functions, without these individual components the whole body would fail to work efficiently when attempting to preform even the easiest of tasks. Structure of skeletal system One vital section is the axial skeleton this is the component of the skeleton that consists of the bones of the head and…

The sternoclavicular (or SC for short) joint is a synovial joint located in the shoulder girdle. It is a shallow saddle with articulated disc, with a functional classification of diarthrosis. The SC joint has multi-axial movement, allowing the clavicle to move on all planes. It is a strong joint well protected by a supporting network of ligaments. Problems most commonly found in this joint are Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis, and Gout. Osteoarthritis (OA) is most often considered to…

INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis is a disease, which results from mechanical and biological events that destabilize the normal processes of degradation and synthesis of articular cartilage chondrocytes, extracellular matrix, and subchondral bone. These changes include increased water content, decreased proteoglycan content, and altered collagen matrix, all leading to the deterioration of articular cartilage. Osteoarthritis can be classified into primary and secondary types Primary osteoarthritis…

The most common bone tumors of the foot and ankle are osseous and cartilaginous lesions, including enchondromas, osteochondromas, and chondromyxoid fibromas [1]. Giant cell tumors (GCT), chondroblastomas, osteoid osteomas, and osteoblastomas also occur. Non-neoplastic conditions include intraosseous lipomas, simple (unicameral) bone cysts, and aneurysmal bone cysts [2]. GCT, also known as osteoclastomas, are fairly common bone tumors, accounting for 5% of all primary bone tumors. They are benign…

Bone is a common site of metastases for many primarily malignant tumors, being the third location after liver and lung [5]. Bone metastases are a major clinical concern as they can deteriorate the bone structure causing pathological fractures, vertebral/spinal instability, severe pain, spinal cord compression, functional impairment and increased mortality. The vertebral column being the most frequent site of bone metastasis and one of the major organs in human body strongly correlated to neural…

Testosterone is an essential hormone that regulates several aspects of men's health. It is responsible for sexual health and function, building lean muscle mass, red blood cell production, mental health stabilization, and much more. When levels drop due to age or an underlying health condition, men can experience several unpleasant, and potentially debilitating symptoms. RCMC Medical Center's testosterone therapy in San Juan, Capistrano, can help to reduce these unpleasant symptoms. Is Low…

Osteoarthritis is the name of one of the hundreds of forms of arthritis. Arthritis affects over 50 million people in the U.S. . Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that is defined by the loss cartilage in the joints. It is one of the most common forms of arthritis and cannot be cured. Cartilage serves as a type of cushion in joints, it keeps bones from rubbing against each other. As the cartilage degenerates the cushioning is lost and bones will rub together during movement. This…

Osteogenesis and the stages of bone development The early stages of bone development. Osteogenesis, also known as ossification, is the process in which bone forms. In the early stages, the ‘skeleton’ is made up of loose fibrous connective tissue membranes and hyaline cartilage, and are already in the shape of bones, these are the site where ossification will begin. This provides the foundation for subsequent ossification, starting in the 6th or 7th week of embryonic development. They will…

Metacarpal Fracture A metacarpal fracture is a break (fracture) of a bone in the hand. Metacarpals are the bones that extend from the knuckles to the wrist. There are five metacarpal bones that connect your fingers and your thumb to your wrist. Some hand fractures have bone pieces that are close together and stable (simple). These fractures may be treated with only a splint or cast. Hand fractures that have many pieces of broken bone (comminuted), unstable bone pieces (displaced), or bone that…

No human could function without the osteoblast cell. The responsibilities of the osteoblast include both the mineralization and synthesis of bone. The large cell carries out these jobs throughout the first formation of the bone and then later the remodeling of bone. Osteoblasts have one nucleus and works in teams to build bones and can be found either on the top or next to bone. Out of all three bone forming cell types, osteoblasts are the ones that produce the organic material that makes up…