Osteoclast

The human body must maintain homeostasis for it to work properly. The integumentary and skeletal systems are two of the bodies systems that must work together to maintain homeostasis. When the body cannot maintain homeostasis, many different problems can occur. Osteoporosis is one such problem that can occur when homeostasis is no longer maintained. The integumentary system is one of the most active parts of our body. This system includes the skin, the hair and nails, the sebaceous glands, and…

Their mechanism of action involves changes in the biochemical markers of bone turnover, inhibition of osteoclast activity, and reduction in bone catabolism.12 Due to their poor oral bioavailability when taken with acidic beverages like coffee or orange juice, BPs should be swallowed whole with plain water on an empty stomach. BPs are contraindicated unless…

Abstract A bone fracture is one of the most common large organ injuries to occur to humans and animals alike. When a bone is fractured, a unique and thorough regeneration of tissue takes place to repair it. There are two types of ways that a bone fracture can be repaired: direct bone healing is when the bones are intervened and set into place to allow for repair, indirect bone healing is allowing the fracture to heal naturally without any intervention from a third party. This paper will review…

literature (8-11) have been described in the thigh, trunk & upper extremities and rarely in the head and neck (12). Histologically, GCT – ST is similar to its bony counterpart demonstrating a mixture of mononuclear cells with round to oval nuclei and osteoclast like multinucleated giant cells. Metaplastic bone formation at the periphery of the lesion is observed in 40 – 50% of cases (9) cystic changes, are present in approximately 30% of tumors (10). Foci of necrosis are very rare and…

The Process of the Skeletal System The human body consists of around 300 bones at birth, but as the body grows, the bones shrivel up and decrease to 206 bones. Those 206 bones form the skeletal system. Each bone varies in shape and size. The skeletal system is much more than framework for the body. The skeletal system has many functions. The skeletal system is composed of dynamic living tissues and it interacts with all of the other organ systems. The skeletal system even remodels its self.…

Thalassemia is known to be an inherited genetic blood disorder that results in mild to severe anemia due to the abnormal formation of hemoglobin. Thalassemia is inherited by either one or both parents. A mutation in either chromosome 11 (Deisserot et al, 1978) effect the synthesis of beta hemoglobin, whereas a mutation on chromosome 16 affect the synthesis of alpha hemoglobin(Deisserot et al, 1977). Hemoglobin is a tetramer made of two alpha chains and two beta chains (Cao et al, 2010). The…

PTH is one of the two hormones involved in calcium homeostasis. PTH is secreted by the parathyroid hormone and is responsible for increasing osteoclast production. Since osteoclasts break down bone, the calcium stored in the bone is released into the blood, increasing the blood calcium level. This means that Gustavo’s bone density will decrease and he will have greater levels of calcium in the blood. The administration…

Osteopenia is similar to osteoporosis in that they both decrease bone density, however it is less severe than osteoporosis. On the other hand, oxytocin deficiency does not affect bone resorption; instead it inhibits the resorptive function of the osteoclasts that is stimulates (Colaianni, Sun, Zaidi and Zallone 2015). Oxytocin from the peripheral nervous system stimulates osteoblast formation which makes it very important for basal skeletal homeostasis (Zhu, DiBenedetto and Greco 2009). During…

Janney Nguyen Bio200A_ Lab section # November 29th 2015 Anahid Mirzatoni Osteoporosis So what is osteoporosis? Lets break it down, the word -osteo means bone, while -porosis means deterioration of something. The word together means the deterioration of bones. This usually occurs in older adults or the elderly since their bones are more fragile which could cause significant injuries towards them. The most common injuries from osteoporosis occur in the vertebrates,…

the most common diseases that affects people in America (Mayo Clinic: Osteoporosis 2014). Bones are tissues that are frequently broken down and then replaced. Osteoblasts are in charge of making bone and osteoclasts are responsible for breaking them down. Osteoporosis occurs when osteoclasts are frequently working but osteoblasts are not producing enough bone tissue to compensate for…