Osteoclast

I really found the chapters challenging this week! Every week, I am more amazed at how complex our bodies are. The amount of different systems, and processes needed to maintain homeostasis constantly. The complex way the body heals itself, is amazing as well. The first year of our lives, our skeletal system replaces itself 100 percent. The rest of our lives, it slows down to replacing about ten percent of itself yearly. That is a huge difference!! Bones remodel themselves in a lifelong process…

Intramembranous bone formation, also known as ossification, is how flat bones develop from mesenchyme tissue. In this method of bone formation, there are four major steps in the developing process. In the first step, the ossification center forms by osteoblasts. These osteoblasts are created from stem cells within the mesenchyme that specialize. In the second step the osteoblasts from the ossification center produce proteins make up the osteoid. After the osteoid if formed it will combine with…

Bone pathology involves understanding the causes and effects of bone diseases. Bones undergo a continual process of breakdown and renewal to maintain maximum bone strength. Healthy bones provide support and durability. Skeletal diseases of bone are often contributed to the severities of low bone density, mass, or deterred bone tissue. Osteoporosis is one of many bone diseases. Osteoporosis occurs when the formation of new bone doesn’t keep up with the elimination of old bone. It’s a…

While a genetic link to osteoporosis has been discovered, the gene itself has not yet been isolated. Despite this genetic link, scientists have discovered that osteoporosis has a nutritional component. Calcium deficiencies and hormonal deficiencies have also been linked to osteoporosis. Some people who have no genetic link to osteoporosis find themselves dealing with this condition due to other factors. For example, osteoporosis can be caused by extended treatment with steroids, kidney…

Bisphosphonates are equivalent to pyrophosphates, which have a strong liking towards bone apatite. They mediate the stoppage of bone resorption by lowering the recruitment and functionality of osteoclasts. Cell death or apoptosis is also induced within the osteoclasts, leading to the eventual decrease in number of osteoclasts. Another useful drug therapy that works in a similar manner is salmon calcitonin. There is FDA approval for the use of this drug through an intranasal spray. The spray has…

lacunae, Hessian canals and blood vessels [ref]. We believe that the activity at the stress concentration can stimulate local reconstruction and remodeling, ultimately leading to the repairs in bone. We hypothesized that the human bone marrow osteoclasts (hBMOCl) can sense the mechanical stimulation.…

The three forms of skeletons in the animal kingdom are: hydrostatic skeletons, exoskeletons, and endoskeletons. Hydrostatic skeletons are found in cnidarians, worms, and many mollusks. It consists of a fluid filled sac in which the fluid is good support, however, it is formless. Animals with hydrostatic skeletons have two sets of antagonistic muscles (muscles that work in opposition to each other). These muscles are longitudinal muscles and circular muscles, which both help the animal maintain…

and the yellow marrow stores fat. The bone marrows purpose it to make blood cells. 9. Calcium moves into bone osteoblast cells to create new bone and osteoclasts break down bone. The two hormones that are involved are parathyroid and calcitonin which helps control blood calcium levels. Calcitonin is released by the thyroid gland holds back osteoclasts and makes osteoblast, which decreases blood calcium levels. 10. There are four stages of bone repair after a fracture, they are: 1. The formation…

Upon looking at the concentration levels of both osteoclast and osteoblast, there was a significant decrease in functional osteoblast, which help with new bone formation, and an accelerated increase in osteoclast formation (Kilbarger,…

after it is born to life. As a result, the process of gradual replacement of immature bone cells and calcium deposits is called Ossification. 2. What are the roles of Osteoclasts in bone formation? The roles of Osteoclasts in bone formation are as follows, the suffix –clast is from the Greek word meaning to break. Therefore, Osteoclasts are large cells that function to reabsorb, or digest, bony tissue. It does so by digesting bone tissue from the inner sides of the bones thus enlarging the…