Osmosis

Introduction The cell membrane provides a boundary between the intracellular environment and the extracellular environment. The membrane is selectively permeable only allowing some substances to pass through while some can’t. The cell membrane consists of two phospholipid bilayers. Each layer has an electrically charged, hydrophilic head, while the tail is an uncharged hydrophobic. The electrically charged head of these layers face toward the water as the uncharged tails face each other. This…

Mycelial discs (5 mm diameter) were inoculated in potato dextrose broth as above and incubated at 28+1°C for 7 days. The mycelial inoculum of M. phaseolina was centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 10 minutes. Supernatant was decanted and pellets were washed and re-suspended in sterile distilled water. At 15th days after sowing, the soil was inoculated in Set-II by drenching the soil near plant roots. On 8th day ten seedlings from three replicates were chosen randomly for measurements of shoot and root…

The materials given were three raw chicken eggs, vinegar, maple syrup, tap water, and table salt. Prior to beginning the experiment, the raw chicken eggs were saturated in vinegar for two days, in order to remove the outer shell. Also before beginning the experiment, the mass of the glass dish was obtained, via a triple beam balance, for measuring/zeroing purposes. On the day of the experiment, the three raw eggs were removed from their vinegar bath and rinsed under a stream of tap water,…

INTRODUCTION In this assignment we are going to elaborate on the role of aqueous humor and vitreous humor in maintaining the pressure of the globe, the structures related to the humor, functions of the humors, origin and also pathology related to them. PHYSIOLOGY OF THE AQUEOUS HUMOR The aqueous humour is a transparent fluid similar to plasma, but containing low protein concentrations. It is secreted from the ciliary epithelium (a structure supporting the lens). It is located in the…

Two experiments were conducted in the span of three days, with the plastic bag membrane experiment taking two days to conduct and the egg shell membrane experiment taking three days. The two experiments took place during the same span of days, with the egg membrane lab carried out first. The materials used during the egg shell membrane experiment include: one white egg, a plastic cup labeled “egg”, vinegar, distilled water, corn syrup, a tape measure, saran wrap, a triple beam balance, a…

Cholesterol has a unique structure that includes four linked hydrocarbon rings forming the steroid structure. The hydrocarbon tail links to one end of the steroid and a hydroxyl group linked to other end. While the hydroxyl group is able to form hydrogen bonds with nearby carbonyl oxygen of phospholipid. Additionally, cholesterol is an amphipathic macromolecule because it has a water-soluble polar region that dissolves in water, but almost the entire is non-polar which does not dissolves in…

~~~Science Project~~~ Experiment 1: Materials~ 2 eggs Needle Scale Bowl Marker Question? What is the difference between weight and mass, and can two objects that have the same mass be different weights? Hypothesis The difference between weight and mass is that mass is the measurement of how much matter is in an object and it will remain constant regardless of gravity. Weight is how heavy an object is depending on the gravitational pull on the object. Step 1: Zero out the scale. Step 2:…

3.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3.1: Effect of Storage Conditions on Egg Weight Tables 1- 2 show the results of effect of storage conditions on eggs weight (chicken eggs and quail eggs). The weight of chicken eggs stored at ambient condition (control), moist sawdust, refrigerator and those that were dipped in oil reduced from 63.61-60.03g, 63.11-60.99g, 61.12-59.41g and 66.12-65.79g respectively. While the weight of quail eggs stored at ambient condition (control), moist sawdust, refrigerator and…

FTIR Spectroscopic Study on Inner Membrane of Egg Shell of Chicken Gallus gallus domesticus Abstract: The paper presents FTIR analysis of inner membrane of eggshell of chicken Gallus gallus domesticus. Fresh samples of egg shells are cleaned; dried and inner membrane of the shell is separated carefully for FTIR analysis. FTIR spectrum reveals a series of bands related to fats and proteins. Calcium carbonate is the major constituent (about 90%) of the shell, but it is absent in the inner shell…

A membrane is defined as a thin sheet, film, or layer, which works as a selective barrier between two phases that can be liquid or gas.113 In other words, a membrane is an interface between two adjacent phases acting as a selective barrier, regulating the transport between the two components.114 Membranes have gained an important place in chemical technology and are used in a broad range of applications.115,116,117 The key property that is exploited is the ability of a membrane to control the…