Organometallic chemistry

ANALYTICAL METHODS Determination of λ max Gemifloxacin mesylate λ max is determined by preparing one standard concentration of 10μg/ml and scanning should be done. Preparation of 0.1N HCL 8 ml of hydrochloric acid is taken in 1000ml volumetric flask and dissolved with distilled water and then make up to 1000ml with distilled water. Standard graph of Gemifloxacin mesylate: The λmax of Gemifloxacin mesylate in 0.1N HCL was scanned in UV-Visible Spectrophotometer and found to have maximum…

2.1 Silicon-Carbide (SiC) Initially, Silicon carbide (SiC) was accidentally introduced by Edward G. Acheson in 1890. Silicon Carbide can be stated as a chemical compound of Silicon and the carbon. Edward G. Acheson was running an experiment on the synthesis of diamonds. At that time, it was produced by a high temperature electro chemical reaction of sand and carbon. We can also find the silicon carbide very rarely in nature in very small amounts. Also Edward G. Acheson was the first person to…

The initial hypothesis that was made regarding the strength of the solid compounds was supported with this experiment. The hypothesis stated that potassium hydroxide would have the greatest effect on the acidic solution. This was supported here as it had the highest average change in pH by far. On average, the pH value of the acidic solution increased by 12.5. This is significantly higher than the increase of the other solutions, which only increased around a pH of 4. The reason why potassium…

3. Results and discussion 3.1. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis Preliminary phytochemical screening of the aqueous extract of both CBE and CQE showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, reducing sugar, phenols, steroids like terpenoids and saponins (Table 1), whereas tannins are absent. Table 2. shows the quantitative analysis of phytochemicals of CBE and CQE. The concentration of phyto-constituents varied between the plants and also within the plant. The total steroid…

Emulsions are two-phase systems, a mixture of two or more liquids that are normally immiscible. There are two phases in the system, in which one is the continuous phase and the other one is the dispersed phase. Types of emulsions [38] Oil in water (o/w): in which oil is the dispersed phase and water is the continuous phase. Water in oil (w/o): in which water is the dispersed phase and oil is the continuous phase. Emulsions have a cloudy or opaque appearance because particles scatter light…

various quartz homeotypes which exhibit alpha-beta transitions have been studied in detail at high temperature. One of them is Silicon Dioxide. As such, it is possible for silicon dioxide to have the same structure when the chemistry is completely different. Since iron is trivalent and phosphorus is pentavalent, an equation of the following can be written to explain the chemical substitution which takes place to maintain the same symmetry: Here, the total…

Benzocaine was synthesized from p-toluidine in a four step synthesis. Each intermediate product, including N-acetyl-p-toluidine, p-acetamidobenzoic acid, and p-aminobenzoic acid, was checked for yield, presence, and purity through weighing, taking IR and NMR spectrums, and determining the melting point. Thin Layer Chromatography was used to ensure the completion of the final reaction from p-aminobenzoic acid to benzocaine. The yield of the first step from p-toluidine to N-acetyl-p-toluidine was…

MSA University, faculty of pharmacy, Bio chemistry department. Course code PB301 Nucleotides Student name: ID: Under supervision of DR: Teaching assistant Structure Nucleic acids are polymers consist of units called nucleotides. These mononucleotide units react together by intermolecular dehydration reactions that create phosphate ester bonds. Those reactions are either, catalyzed or specialized enzymes. The nucleotide units are created by smaller types of components. Each nucleotide…

NANOCARRIERS AS PROMISING NOVEL SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLED DELIVERY OF DICLOFENAC SODIUM [N.B: Authors' details blinded by Pro Journals for Review] ABSTRACT The formulation and evaluation of Diclofenac sodium from liposomes, niosomes and nanoemulsion are analyzed. The release profiles of Diclofenac sodium were almost similar in all the formulations. It is found that 85% of Diclofenac sodium diffused out from the colloidal systems within 8hrs and practically all the drug was released within…

Experiment 5 Title: Mayonnaise production Objective: To determine the type of food emulsion obtained by varying the mixture sequence Introduction: A most important field of emulsion technology is that involving food preparations. Some of the oldest emulsions known to man, for example, butter, salad dressings and so on are included in this group, while the applications of emulsion theory to the baking process and to therapeutic feeding represent modern developments. Probably the most instructive…