Organic chemistry

color signaled the end of the titration. The amount of the oxalic acid in the solution was found to be 8.941%. The redox titration was precise in the quantification of oxalic acid with a standard deviation of 1.327%. Introduction One of the natural organic compounds found in plants is the oxalic acid. It is commonly found in leafy greens, and nuts, as well as in some fruits. Spinach is known to have the highest amount of oxalic acid in vegetables of about 750 mg for every 100 gram serving…

Everything is made of atoms, which are the smallest representative parts of each of the ninety-two elements that occur in nature. Elements are either metals, such as iron, copper or calcium or non-metals such as carbon, oxygen or nitrogen. Chemistry is concerned with the way atoms link together to form molecules, which are the natural chemical units of matter. Molecules represent the smallest particle of a chemical compound which retains the characteristics and chemical properties of the…

Study of chemical kinetics would have a great impact on chemistry. It benefits on comprehension of chemical reaction processes (Kinetics of the Iodine Clock Reaction). In general, the concentration of reactants and products varies…

tremendously through different courses and styles of lab reports. Initially I started off in my undergraduate studies by writing a few biology lab reports in my courses, however chemistry lab reports are not comparable to these lab reports, in which the content and structure are different. Once I got used to writing chemistry style lab reports, the format and style of writing changed again when I reached Quantum Mechanics. As I had taken Quantum Mechanics before this writing intensive…

WHAT IS NMR SPECTROCOPY? By definition, NMR spectroscopy is a research technique that makes use of the fact that certain atomic nuclei exhibit magnetic property to determine their chemical and physical properties for various uses that we’ll discuss later. History of NMR Spectroscopy Year Individual Discovery 1921 Stern and Gerlach Basis of quantum theory is confirmed by carrying out atomic and molecular beam experiments 1925 Ulhenbeck & Goudsmith Discovered the concept of spinning…

This experiment is used to understand polymers and how they are altered to get a specific product. Polymers are long chain molecules with repeating sequences of large atoms1. Polymers are important in the field of organic chemistry, because they can be changed to create different compounds used in everyday life. Polymers can be found in nature, such as starches, proteins, and cotton. They can also be man-made, such as plastics, Kevlar, and Teflon1. Polymers can be linear, branched,…

A small burette funnel was filled with column packing solvent at mobile phase, high boiling petroleum, in this case hexane (and then 10%acetone hexane mixture), and Alumina as stationary phase. When adding the sand and the alumina they have to be first mixed with the hexanes in order not to disturb the column. The Lycopene is Red- Orange and more attracted to alumina due to its high degree of Unsaturation, which can be expected to be eluted after Yellow-Orange Carotene pigments. And the other…

Abstract A Friedal-Craft reaction was performed to synthesize 1,4-di-t-butyl-2,5-dimethoxy-benzene from p-dimethoxybenzene and t-butyl alcohol. The product of the reaction was filtered using a Hirsch funnel, before recrystallizing and filtering a second time. The recorded mass of the product was .08g and the melting point was 47-52.7 °C. Introduction1 This experiment was designed to practice working with electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Specifically, a Friedel-Craft reaction was…

1 M with NaClO4. The effect of ionic strength was studied by suspending 0.010 g GS in 10 mL of 250 mg U(VI) L-1 with ionic strength varying from 0.001-0.5 M NaClO4 at 25 oC for 24 h. 2.4 Effect of inorganic and organic ligands In order to explore the effect of inorganic and organic ligands on uranium uptake, 0.010 g of GS were equilibrated for 24 h with 10 mL of solution containing 250 mg U(VI) L-1, pH 3 at 25 oC at different ligands concentrations. More specifically, concentrations ranged…

Introduction: Limonene is a terpene that can be isolated from orange peels almost 100% in the (R)-(+)-limonene form. The essential oil from the orange peel belongs to terpenes, which are compounds that are made up of two or more five carbon units, named isoprene.1 The limonene is a monoterpene, which means it is made up of two isoprene units. Natural products are related compounds formally derived from isoprene units are terpenoids.3 The skeleton of terpenoids may differ from strict additivity…