Optics

To this day, Sir Isaac Newton is remembered as one of the greatest minds of, not only the 17th century, but to ever walk this Earth. His intuition ranged from the subjects of physics and mathematics. From his laws of motion to his law of conservation of momentum, he truly revolutionized the science of his day. He is responsible for publishing one of the most acclaimed works known to science. He was remembered for all the amazing things that he was able to accomplish, but there were some cowardly…

ABSTRACT Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a major complication of diabetes and the leading cause of blindness among adults worldwide. DR is a progressive disease affecting both type I and type II diabetic patients at any stage of the disease, and targets the macrovascular and microvascular systems of the retina. DR results from multiple biochemical, molecular and pathophysiological changes to the retinal vasculature which affect both microcirculatory functions and ultimately photoreceptor…

I found Brunelleschi's design of the dome for Florence's cathedral to be a fascinating topic on scientific discovery. I also chose this topic because several years ago I watched a documentary that showed the construction of a one-fifth scale model of Brunelleschi’s dome and the possible construction methods that he may have used. The story begins in Florence, Italy in the year 1296 when the fathers of the city had decided to build a church to “showcase the status of Florence as one of Europe’s…

Introduction The Enron Scandal will forever live in its infamy. How can such a powerful company once ranking at number seven as one of the top ten companies in America cause its own demise? The answer lies in the fact that all great empires fall due to the greed of money and power by its conquerors. Who are willing to do anything to maintain the luxury of being the top in the world. Enron portrayed to be a profitable and unshakable company. However it later came to light that the majority of…

supports the National MS Society, Greater Delaware Valley Chapter? Not many people know that I have MS. Yes its true! In 2003, I was diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis. As a matter of fact in 1998 I had what is called and exacerbation. I developed Optic Neuritis in my right eye. "At the disease onset, individuals with MS might experience a variety of symptoms including numbness, tingling, pain, weakness, and balance problems, but visual symptoms are the presenting symptom up to 50% of the time.…

(ACTH), the drugs ketoconazole, mitotane, and aminoglutethimide may be prescribed. Again, we are back to the fact that pituitary tumors are very easily treated. The most serious complication that can occur is blindness, which happens if the optic nerve is severely damaged. At this time, no one knows the reason that the uncontrolled cell growth causes a tumor in the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland is small and about the size of a bean and is located at the base of the brain. …

More than three million Americans have glaucoma, making the disease not so uncommon. According to the National Eye Institute, people over the age of 60 are more at risk. Glaucoma even has its own month, National Glaucoma Awareness Month in January. Spreading the word about the vision disease can be an all year event, and you should always ask your eye doctor if you might be at risk. And a 58 percent increase in glaucoma cases is expected by 2030. This increase will impact nearly 4.2 million…

Medical marijuana is being used to treat cancer patients throughout the world. A popular treatment for cancer is chemotherapy. Chemotherapy causes patients to have extreme nausea and vomit often. According to the American Cancer Society, “A number of small studies of smoked marijuana found that it can be helpful in treating nausea and vomiting from cancer chemotherapy.” Legalizing marijuana in the state of Florida will make it easier for cancer patients to purchase it whenever they need to…

Pillars of Creation 3D Display Shows Evaporation A photograph taken by the Hubble Space telescope is thought to be one of the most amazing space photographs ever captured. The “Pillars of Creation,” [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pillars_of_Creation] is a picture of interstellar gas and dust in the Eagle Nebula resembling elephant trunks. The pillars are about seven thousand light years from Earth. The picture is of gas and dust in the middle of creating new stars with illumination coming from…

focused. The pupil and iris then regulate how much light is to enter. Once the light goes past the pupil it goes through the lens where it modifies the light to form the image on the retina. The retina is then like the film of a camera and with the optic nerve sending signals back to the brain it can then form an image. The image becomes clear if the lens functions properly to focus the light rays. If the lens does not properly focus the light, corrective lenses…