Optic nerve

Through out time knowledge about optical illusions has been deepened by many different philosophers and researchers to strengthen the explanations of illusions. Epicharmus and Protagoras, Aristotle, and Plato are only some famous philosophers well known to this day that have contributed their own knowledge about, what actually are optical illusions? Epicharmus is a Greek poet and inventor of Sicilian Comedy during 540 and 450 BC. He was one of the earliest to appreciate the concept of optical…

Legalizing Marijuana As of Tuesday, November 9th, 2012, Colorado and Washington legalized the use of Marijuana (pot). Allen St. Pierre, the executive director of the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws states, "These two states are the only places on the face of the Earth that have actually put the imprimatur of the state on legalization of cannabis.” Elsewhere, marijuana law is either decriminalized, ignored, or convoluted. But Washington and Colorado have now completely…

therapy, and stem cell transplant” (National Cancer Institute, 2015). Pain, infection and discomfort are the most common side effect after the surgery. Normal cells in our body organs, mainly lung, heart, kidney, GI system, reproductive system and nerve cells can be damaged by chemotherapy. These organs can be protected with medications in certain cases. Alopecia or hair loss, another side effect of chemotherapy, may grow back, but the color and texture may differ. Fatigue, malaise, nausea,…

system. They are essential in carrying out various actions that are administered by the brain. This effect of action potentials help us to feel cold, warmth ,use the sensory actions of the eye etc. and the back forth signaling between the brain and the nerve cells helps the brain to carry the right action. Action potentials are housed by neuron structures which are made up of axons and dendrites. The synapses is the little gap between neurons across which they communicate with neurotransmitters.…

they're supposed to see in an illusion. Each of our eyes has an area where there are no receptors. In other words, there is no organ or cell able to respond to light, heat, or other external stimulus. This area is where the retinal ganglia as the optic nerve. The retina is located on the back of the eye. The purpose of the retina is to collect light that lens has focused on, convert the light into neural signals, and send these signals to your brain for visual…

Human eye model A three-dimensional FE model of the human eye has been made via the explicit dynamics finite element code LS-DYNA 970 (LSTC, Livermore, CA, United States) [30]. The morphological characteristics of the human eye (a normal/healthy male) along with intraconal and extraconal fats were obtained from Computed Tomography (CT). The donor declare his consent to use the CT images for medical research purposes. A total of 141 raw data images were obtained for the head with an especial…

This should be treated as soon as possible so that the optic nerve is not damaged. Vision may also be affected because of this condition. Patients having chronic wide angle glaucoma or simple glaucoma should instill a single drop in the eye. Eyes should not be blinked after this. Close your eyes for around 60-120…

extreme amounts of research to combat the negative image of marijuana hoping that one day it shall be legalized! Marijuana use can be used to treat and prevent the eye disease glaucoma, which increases pressure in the eyeball, damaging the optic nerve and causing loss of vision. Marijuana decreases the pressure inside the eye, according to the national eye institute: "Studies in the early 1970s showed that marijuana, when smoked, lowered intraocular…

creates an image of an object by mixing light in a process known as refraction (Klein). During refraction the light rays pass through the cornea and pupil and hit the lens that creates an image on the retina. The retina then sends the image to the optic nerve that makes you able to see. The eye can work like this because it has its own lens that is able to focus on an image that is given to the retina. Since your pupils grow and shrink, depending on how much light is present, the image that is…

transducin-GTP to bind cGMP phosphodiesterase, converting cGMP to 5’-GMP. This drop in cGMP levels results in the closure of cGMP gated channels, blocking the re entry of Na+, resulting in hyperpolarization of the cell. This hyperpolarization signals the optic nerve and enables photoreception. The GTPase activity of transducin hydrolyses GTP to GDP, and the transducin heterotrimer reforms. In this process of activation, the all trans retinal transiently activates opsin, with the retinal then…