Olfaction

Most people can recall a favorite childhood memory off the top of their head. Or how just one word can trigger a significant moment in the past. Or remembering your aunt’s homemade cookie recipe. We can all know that two plus two equals four because it has been drilled into our heads since we were children. The human memory is irreplaceable and something that we rely on everyday. But how does our brains remember directions to our favorite restaurant or what our dad’s favorite color is? Where are…

the Human Body Receives Sensory Information , “ these organs receive raw stimuli and translate them into signals the nervous system can use. Nerves relay the signals to the brain, which interprets them as sight (vision), sound (hearing), smell (olfaction), taste (gustation), and touch (tactile perception) senses perceive stimuli from the outside world or inside our body and we react…

A huge amount of interest has been placed in studying oxytocin, not only on for its implication in female reproduction, but also for modulation of several aspects of social behavior. This review will first focus on mammalian organisms. In most of the experiments discussed below, microdialysis was used to measure the level of OT and AVP because of its ability to directly monitor both neuropeptides when released in the brain (Landgraf & Newmann, 2004). a) Social bonding A study on the behavioral…

The Chinese have been practicing medicine for nearly five thousand. Although the first written evidence dates back to the 2nd century BC, references in these documents and archeological finds prove that the Chinese have been refining the practice for thousands of years. An important aspect of Chinese culture and medicine is philosophy. As a major contributor and stop along the Silk Route they were exposed to the cultural and religious beliefs of the people of India, Africa, Egypt, Greece, and…

The nervous system makes it possible for animals to know and react to the environment around them. A change or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue is a stimulus. There can either be an internal or an external stimulus. Internal stimulus being something like hunger or pain, while external is more along the lines of a sound or an odor. The nervous system interprets stimuli and orders other organ systems to respond. The nervous system does so through using sensory…

Lemur catta (ring-tailed lemur) is the only species of the genus Lemur that belongs to the family Lemuridae (Groves & Eaglen, 1988). As described by Wilson and Hanlon (2010), this medium-sized strepsirrhine primate is recognized by the black and white rings around its long tail, and are found in the arid forests of southwestern Madagascar, where they move about mostly on the ground but are also partly arboreal (Wilson & Hanlon, 2010). Despite their seeming “abundance” because of their frequent…

One of the most terrible disease in the United states! Obesity, the epidemic is all over the U.S. This article will discuss the history, short and long term effects and the solutions to this terrible disease. For people, obesity (The condition of people being grossly overweight.) can start very early. Kids can get obese at a very young age from genetics or, overtime they might become obese. This can affect them in the future, they could not lose weight as adults and become obese with health…

The difference between nature and nurture is that nature is the idea that behavior is effected by your chemical and gene make up while nurture is the idea that you are a blank slate and your behavior is distinguished by experiments. They both effect behavior is what was discovered. * Dualism is supported by cognitive psychologists such as George A. Miller and Sigmund Freud * Rene Descartes dealt with Monism vs. Dualism & Interactive Dualism * Monism is the belief that the mind…

As a rule, the gill area is greater in fast-moving crabs (Portunids) than in sluggish bottom dwellers; decreases progressively from wholly aquatic, to intertidal, to land species; and is greater in young crabs than in older crabs. Often the gills are enclosed in protective chambers, and ventilation is provided by specialized appendages that create the respiratory current. As in cephalopod mollusks, oxygen utilization is relatively high—up to 70 percent of the oxygen is extracted from the water…

In virtually every language, the term for Abirthmark@ can be translated as some variant of the terms Aenvy,@ Awish,@ Alonging,@ or “mother’s mark.” Does this suggest anything to you about what people in the past thought might be the causes of birthmarks? something the mother did caused the birth mark? D. Birth Process 14. Childbirth is conventionally divided into three stages. What are they?  mother experiences regular uterine contractions that are usually spaced to 10 to 15 minute…