Olfaction

Commonly, sexual selection changes with the seasons and level of development of an organism. “Seasonal changes in pheromone-detection ability and olfaction sensitivity over the reproductive cycle have been observed in mammals, birds, and teleost, but such seasonal shifts in the visual system are less well-developed” It has been hypothesized that three-spine sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus, are more sensitive to red during the summer than the winter, which could be linked to the desire to…

neurologic changes. The cranial nerve assessment includes assessing cranial nerve from 1 through X11, which have sensory, motor either somatic or parasympathetic, or have a mixed function. Olfactory Nerve (CN I)- the olfactory nerve serves the sense of olfaction or smell, Test is done with the use of non-noxious aromatic substances and check if able to smell and identify and mark if any abnormality noted. Optic Nerve (CN II): This is a purely sensory nerve, test each eye for visual acuity,…

How is Aromatherapy effective? Well, it is the number one alternative medicine used to help with anxiety and stress. Years ago there were not many books on the subject but, as technology advances so do studies of aromatherapy (“Does it Really Work?”). Many people still have their questions about whether or not it is used for cosmetic purposes more than therapeutic purposes. Therapists such as massage therapist use aromatherapy in the studios they work in. It is known that many therapist believe…

Saving the Bees, One Backyard at a Time Bees play a vital role in our food supply. They pollinate more than 70% of the food we eat, including nuts, berries and other fruits and vegetables. Nevertheless, these hard working insects are disappearing from our planet faster than we can imagine. Between pesticides and all the new communities being built on farmland, we leave no room for wildlife, including honey bees. It’s time to take a stand, by changing the laws of the land and making…

That is, not only are visual and temporal data used, but also acoustic (hearing), olfaction (smell), gustation (taste), and kinesthesia (body awareness) (behncke, 2004). The athlete has to draw in as much of the" sensory information as possible concerning the conditions of skill performance the more realistic simulation of the mental imagery…

Kanesha Brown Anatomy and Physiology 251L The University of Southern Mississippi Nervous System What is paraplegia? Paraplegia is the paralysis than can affect all or part of the bottom portion of your body, meaning the legs and pelvic organs. Paraplegia is a spinal cord injury that results from damage to the vertebrae, ligaments and disks (Mayo Clinic, 2016) For an injury to cause paraplegia one would have to suffer a traumatic injury to the spinal cord that may cause your spine to fracture,…

Most mammals discern various chemical signals in the environment so that they may adapt their behaviour and response in order to improve their chances of survival. Although many higher order organisms utilize both olfaction and gustation for chemosensitivity, majority of animals rely on the former as the primary chemosensory modality (Reviewed from Lledo et al, 2005). The mammalian olfactory system controls a plethora of functions such as homeostasis, emotions such as fear, anger, pleasure and…

effected. It is believed that the cause of this condition is due to “crossed wiring” in the brain within the Limbic system as hypothesized by Cytowic. The Limbic System supports a variety of functions including emotional behavior, motivation and olfaction. Many believe that children are born with this condition and simple loose these connection as they go trough the stages of life. As stated earlier there is no clear way to diagnose someone with Synesthesia, 1 in 3000 people have this condition.…

Nonverbal Communications also know as the body language is a communiation when people send and recive wordless clues. ‘Non’ means ‘not’ and ‘verbal’ means ‘words’. It includes facial expressions, gestures but also tone of voice. Nonverbal Communication informs about basic emotional states, features of someone’s temperament but it can also inform about someone’s social status, origin, self-esteem and education. To understand nonverbal communication better it should be also known what exactly…

Abstract The crucian carp is an actinopterygii fish which is known to possess a swim bladder and non-muscular lobed fins. These fishes are also known as ray finned fishes. The fish contains the organs responsible for the digestion, respiratory, circulatory and nervous system. In order to observe the internal organs of the fish, the fish firstly is euthanasiated with clove oil. The external anatomy of the fish has five fins; pectoral, pelvic, dorsal, anal and caudal fin, a cloaca is located…