Occipital lobe

“Functional MRI-based lie detection: Scientific and societal challenges” is an article written by Martha J. Farah, J. Benjamin Hutchinson, Elizabeth A. Phelps and Anthony D. Wagner in the journal Nature Reviews Neuroscience. This article is about how Functional MRI (fMRI) are started to be studied for use in lie detection in at least trials in the United States. The authors of this article address five main themes: the science of fMRI-based lie detection, how these studies apply to the real…

Introduction The Eating Disorders (ED) of Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and Bulimia Nervosa (BN) are two psychiatric disorders characterised similarly by abnormal feeding behaviours whose aetiology currently remains undiscovered. As outlined by the DSM-IV (1994), AN is distinguished as the refusal by an individual to maintain body weight at or above the normal minimum weight for their age and height. Further characteristics include an extreme fear of becoming overweight and a disturbance in the way the…

Early brain imaging studies of musical imagery used PET (positron emission tomogra- phy), which has now been almost completely replaced by fMRI. PET and fMRI each have their pros and cons as methods for functional brain imaging. PET works by com- bining several tricks. Typically, subjects are injected with 2-deoxyglucose, a modified form of sugar that is transported through the bloodstream to cells just like glucose, but cannot be metabolized. As a result, 2-deoxyglucose builds up rapidly in…

Perhaps a life well lived is doing what causes dopamine and serotonin to surge in the frontal lobe, or to put it simply, what makes a person happy. The serial killer, who enjoys the murder or some aspect of it, believes he or she is doing what makes them feel happy. It is ethically and morally wrong to take the life of a person in most circumstances…

Silveris provides us research-based studies that tell us adolescent drinking has increased almost ten percent in the last ten years. The question Silveri attempts to answer is what effects does this have directly on adolescents, and on society as a whole. Is this the effect of underlying factors such as alcohol being easier to obtain by adolescents or even an increase in depression by adolescents? Additionally Silveri discusses the types of harms adolescent drinking has directly the brain.…

PPA when compared to transcortical sensory aphasia, it is very much alike, in which articulation, repetition, phonology, and syntax are preserved but patient does not comprehend well. Good fluency is retained but as the disease progresses speech is characterized by repetitious clichés and semantic jargon. Lastly, less frequent words are substituted with more familiar ones typically from a superordinate category like “animal” for “dog” (Kertesz & Harciarek, 2014). Patients with logopenic PPA…

resulted in a “iron rod— weighing 131/ 4 pounds and stretching 31/ 2 feet from its pointed tip to its flat base 11/ 4 inches in diameter” being driven through his skull (Carroll et al. 143). His accident and location of his injury “ the left frontal lobe” led his doctor to recognize that different areas of the brain where responsible for different functions and that head injuries can indeed lead to personality changes. Gage’s injury had no effect of his memory, speech, or intelligence, but it…

were due to differences in the expertise levels of the two groups. The fMRI images were analyzed and the results demonstrated bilateral activation in the premotor cortex, bilateral activation in the intraparietal cortex and right superior parietal lobe. However, posterior parts of the superior temporal sulcus were also activated in the left hemisphere and it should be noted that the bilateral activations in the premotor and intraparietal cortex were larger in the left hemispheres than in the…

As it is explained above, any kind of modality can affect memory either in a good or bad way, and it has established that when the correct modality is obtained from an accurate source, it has been more positive going waveform than when items determined as new (Rugg and Wilding, 1996). Moreover, different modalities can create the problem to a person and make confusion which sources are experienced. Contrary to the information described above about sensory memory, Kayser, et al. (2007) claim that…

methods work in discerning whether a memory is true or false. However their finding supports that sensory activity is stronger in true memories then in false ones, this is further supported in a past study where it was showed that the medial temporal lobe seems to be involved in false memory formation, and regions within the prefrontal cortex seems to be involved in memory processes resulting in the reduction of false memories (Schacter & Slotnik, 2004; Bernstein & Loftus (2009). The…