Obstetrics and gynaecology

Epidural analgesia is commonly used to provide pain relief during labor. To convert epidural analgesia in labor for emergency cesarean section, a strong solution of local anesthetic is required aiming to achieve rapid and good quality of epidural anesthesia. Different solutions of local anesthetic are used for this reason. The optimum choice of local anaesthetic solution for achieving rapid and reliable epidural anaesthesia for caesarean section is still not clarified [1]. The solution used is…

My prenatal stage was very cool, my mam said. First when she knew that she was pregnant she was very upset and she wants to make abortion operation because I was the fourth child and she has three boys before me, so she was very upset, she always dreamed by a girl and also my elder brother having only three months at that time so, she has to stop feeding him from her breast. But the Islamic religion prevents or prohibits the abortion so she kept me. She did not know that I am a girl until the…

The content I decided to use is the five P’s substance abuse screening. It has been shown that this is one of the most used models for prenatal substance abuse. It was used because it asks five specific questions to see if a pregnant woman is abusing any substances. I also included a screening for tobacco to see if any pregnant woman is smoking cigarettes. In the beginning I included what prenatal substance abuse is because it may not be obvious to everyone; especially pregnant women who feel…

The virtue ethics philosopher says about the ethical dilemma, it is becoming increasing the routine to test fetus for a variety of genetic reason and other anomalies. Ultrasound screening which is used screening of different morphological anomalies and the Maternal serum Alph-Fetoprotein Test (Msafp) which is essential to screen for tiresome chromosomal disorders Down syndrome which are routine parts of prenatal care, indeed , ultrasound screening does not even require formal informed consent…

Samantha should avoid smoking, drinking, using drugs, and consuming caffeine during her pregnancy. The first reason why I believe that she not smoke during her pregnancy is because it can cause the baby to have potential health issues. According to the March of Dimes article, "smoking during pregnancy" it states how smoking can cause the baby to be born prematurely, to have a low birth weight, stillbirth, miscarriages, and possibly death. Therefore, smoking during a pregnancy has major risks for…

Low birth weight is a serious condition that a newborn can experience when certain circumstances occur. Arnett (2012) states some of these circumstances could be, "poor nutrition, lack of prenatal care, alcohol, nicotine, or other drug use" (p.102). With this being said, mothers need to become familar with their pregnancy as early as possibl. Seeking medical care at the beginning can help lower the risk of having a baby born with a low birth weight. Doctors are able to give prenatal care advice…

Pregnancy is a stressful yet joyful time for many women. Hormones arise causing women to become anxious or emotional; however, on the other side, they are getting a beautiful human to raise and grow up in this world. Pregnancy is not an easy process to go through, especially if a woman has a substance abuse problem because this can affect the child dramatically. A recent study had stated, “Among pregnant women, 1 in 10 reported any alcohol use and 1 in 33 reported binge drinking in the past 30…

Discussion Post Week Eight NURS6551, N-6 As advanced practice nurses (APN) and primary providers, we must ensure that our pregnant patients have the necessary information for the most optimal pregnancy. Therefore, one must individualize the educational material to suit the patient population they serve. This week I will evaluate the type of media that is most appropriate for the women I serve and discuss the topic of primary focus and why this is the most suitable education media and topic…

Often times today, it is common to hear of expecting mothers to be filled with nervousness, fear, and stress due to their upcoming challenges. Clay (2016) describes that these feelings women began to feel may not only be harmful for their health, but for the baby as well; this phenomenon is known as depression during pregnancy and is becoming increasingly concerning. The reason this heated topic is so important in today's society is because if new born children are being affected by maternal…

Every one in 700 live births can occur in either a cleft lip and/or a cleft palate. Cleft lip and cleft palate occur when tissues in the baby's face and mouth don't form properly. Either of these clefts can be diagnosed early on in the pregnancy. Cleft lip consists primarily of the lip, whether it is the right side, left side or in the middle. Cleft palate consists of the roof of the mouth. Both of these conditions can be managed with several surgeries in the first few months after birth but can…