Norm-referenced test

W. James Popham, “former president of the American Educational Research Association” (ProCon.org), defines standardized tests as “any test that's administered, scored, and interpreted in a standard, predetermined manner” (qtd. in ProCon.org). “Standardized tests have been a part of American education since the mid-1800s. Their use skyrocketed after 2002's No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) mandated annual testing in all 50 states” (ProCon.org). Standardized testing should be discarded. Alfie…

The Coquette and The Awakening show female desire to break the constraints placed on women in the 19th century. In The Coquette, Eliza Wharton is presented with two choices, one man or the other. The option never exists for her to simply not be with a man, to not conform to the societal expectation of women. The Awakening presents Edna Pontellier, a wife and a mother, transforming from the ideal picture of woman to pursuing her own desires. Women’s desire is not only shown from the plot, the…

social norms are an important aspect of culture. A social norm is an expected form of behavior in a given situation. Social norms include shaking hands when meeting someone, making eye contact when talking to others, and even the cultural standard to not burp in public. When social norms are broken on accident, a variety of reactions can occur. In order to break a social norm, certain characteristics are needed. For example, confidence, courage, and determination are needed to break a norm. A…

including the social norms that must be obeyed. Although they are able to excel academically, they are seen in a different, dimmer light that shows them as outcasts due to the fact that they don’t fulfill the norms of a university student, which includes the outgoing drunk nights and reckless university behavior. They become a victim because of the lack of fitting in. The term multicultural in Canada is meant to accept and celebrate the diversity of races, cultures, and religions. The “norms”…

Society creates a format in which individuals are expected to craft themselves in order to live up to society’s expectations. People act a certain way or reflect in a manner that is constructed through what is understood as social norms. When that social construction is not practiced, these individuals are punished under the law. This paper will discuss how sex work involving adults should be normalized, such that activities associated with Adult Prostitution, such as advertising sex for sale or…

Beyond the Socially Acceptable There are many things that can be said about Decadent poetry. It’s central themes are numerous, from aestheticism and beauty for the sake of it, to paganism and the urban, there are a multitude of angles one can take when analysing and interpreting the work of the poets of the fin du siècle. One of those themes is the idea of transgression; going beyond the limits and the law, exploring what is socially acceptable and more importantly what isn’t, and the…

experimenter. The learner was told to memorize words in pairs and the teacher was told to shock the patient with increasingly dangerous voltages each time the word pair was repeated incorrectly, which was often because the confederate purposefully failed the tests. As the voltages increased, the prerecorded responses of the confederate became more and more distressed. In response, the…

What is meant by Etiquette and what are its types Etiquette is being polite. It is good manners. Etiquette is a code of conduct, both written and unwritten, for basic behavior that is socially expected from individuals in a society based on cultural norms. These behaviors include the proper way of socially interacting with others, guidelines for handling yourself in public, to the manner of dress that is considered acceptable for various occasions and circumstances. Here are some examples:…

For this sociological experiment I broke the norm that led to the ¨personal bubble¨ rule, by getting, “too close¨ to strangers when I talk to them by society's standards. This social norm shows that people are used to having their own space and not having others be within a certain distance. When you talk or interact with another person you both are in control of the personal space given. This leads to me testing others by stepping over boundaries to make them feel uncomfortable, nervous, or…

As Woodward states, a person can be distinguished by their appearance; the way you dress comes with a stigma of where you emanate from and your culture. Since the student could not relate to our identities, he assumed we were outside of the social norms of the game. He made judgment based on our exterior, for which I do not blame him because the media plays a role in how Muslims are portrayed. Since football is an American patriotic game, he might have misinterpreted my friends and I sitting as…