Noncoding DNA

Today, the 1953 discovery of the double helix, “the twisted-ladder structure” of DNA, by James Watson and Francis Crick, constitutes one of the greatest breakthroughs in the history of science. The discovery has given rise to the molecular biology of today and generated new insights into genetic coding upon which today’s multi-billion dollar biotechnology industry is founded. It laid the groundwork for other scientific achievements, including modern forensics and the mapping of the human…

Chediak-Higashi syndrome is a Primary human immunodeficiency disease which is caused by genetic predisposition in an autosomal recessive pattern, where this describes any chromosome other than sex chromosomes where both pairs of the gene in each cell have underwent mutation. This disorder itself is a rare one, where about 200 cases of the condition have been reported worldwide. The parents of the person with this type of condition, autosomal recessive, carry one copy of the mutated gene, but…

The slide used during the Microscope Lab was a wet-mount slide which was used in order to view the specimens from the microscope. A wet-mount is a method for preparing specimens to view using a microscope. A myriad of specimens look better when placed in a drop of water on the microscope slide. The water supports the sample and fills the space between the coverslip and the slide. This allows light to pass easily through the slide, the sample, and the coverslip. Scientists use the wet-mount…

in the development of the human process. Nature us the inborn, innate character of an organism. Psychologists refer to our nature as a genotype. A genotype is one’s genetic code that is determined by the sequencing of the chemicals that is in one’s DNA. Nature is genetically influence. Nature is also genetic traits that evolve from generation to generation appears in almost all parts of human behavior, personality, and mental processes. Personally, I feel as if my personality traits, genetic…

Illustration of sexduction in E. coli using streptomycin resistant F-lac- recipients and F′lac+ donors Abstract The process in which DNA from a donor cell is transferred through physical contact into a recipient cell is known as conjugation. In the experiment, sexduction, a cross between F′ and F- plasmids, was demonstrated by mixing the donor and recipient, diluting them and using selective plating methods. The plasmids from the donor, recipient and transconjugant were isolated and analyzed…

Trisomy X Trisomy x syndrome, also known as triple x and 47xxx, is characterized by the presence of an extra x chromosome in each cell of a female. Three x chromosomes are present, rather than a normal pair in the nuclei of body cells. The first published report of a women with triple x syndrome was Patricia A. Jacobs at Western General Hospital in Edinburg, Scotland, in 1959. The condition occurs in about 1 in 1,000 newborn girls. Five to 10 girls with triple x syndrome are born in the united…

Domain: Eukarya Giant Pandas belong in this domain as they are composed of eukaryotic cells that have a specific task or function in the body. They are larger cells that possess membrane- bound nucleus and membranous organelles (including endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, chloroplasts, and mitochondria). Like a prokaryotic cell, they also possess a plasma membrane, cytoplasm and ribosomes. Aksi giant pandas perform cell division through mitosis and reproduce sexually through meiosis.…

Introduction Eugenics has become somewhat of a buzzword in mainstream discussions of the topic. As with most buzzwords, it is overused to the point of overshadowing broader applications of the topic (For an example see Peter Singer on Animal Rights pp. 196-203). Notwithstanding, this paper will discuss heavily the topic of Eugenics, and more specifically Julian Savulescu’s stand on Eugenics and whether he believes in endorsing a program of eugenics. Savulescu’s opinion will be analyzed mostly by…

Though it may sound a mundane topic, bananas have had great historic importance throughout much of the world. Bananas have been a main source of food, spanning many years across many ancient kingdoms. The origins of the banana are rather quite hard to pin down. Though scientists believe them to have originated in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific around 8,000 to 5,000 BCE, they keep discovering older bananas. One could say that these new discoveries “drive them bananas.” The banana gets…

Kaempferol is a natural polyphenol, secondary metabolite (flavonol), a type of flavonoid, found in a variety of plant-derived foods. Kaempferol is a yellow crystalline solid with a melting point of 276–278 °C. It is slightly soluble in water and highly soluble in hot ethanol, ethers, and DMSO. Kaempferol acts as an antioxidant by reducing oxidative stress. Many studies suggest that consuming kaempferol may reduce the risk of various cancers, and it is currently under consideration as a possible…