NMR spectroscopy

The primary purpose of this experiment was to determine the concentration of solutions of copper (II) sulfate using visible spectrophotometry and Beer’s law. In this experiment, we used Beer’s law, which states that absorbance, i.e. the amount of light absorbed by a solution, is equal to the molar absorptivity of a compound, times the path length of the cuvette, times the concentration of the solution. First, we measured the absorbance of a cuvette filled with water, then calibrated the…

In this study, the effect of benzenethiol ligand on CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots was investigated. Conventional long-chain oleic acid (OA) and trioctylphosphine (TOP) capping ligands were partially replaced by short benzenethiol ligands, and the improvement in the luminescence performance was observed in quantum dot light emitting diodes (QD-LED). Approximately 1.8 fold improvement was achieved for both the maximum luminance and maximum current efficiency for the QD-LEDs fabricated with…

The purpose of this experiment was to use aldol condensation methods to synthesize colored cyclopentadienone and then UV/VIS spectrophotometry to characterize the dienone structure synthesized. The information gathered from the UV/VIS analysis was then compared to a computer model of the desired product to analyze the optimal 3D structure of the dienone. The base catalyzed condensation reaction was used to form the product for analysis, followed by vacuum filtration to recover the product. Both…

this experiment that was conducted in partners, the concentration of RNase H that was purified in the previous experiment #6 was determined and also the concentration of an unknown given solution using their absorbance values obtained from the spectroscopy apparatus. These concentrations were calculated using the equation of the line produce with the values of the concentration (x-axis) and corresponding absorbance (y-axis) of five protein bovine gamma globulin standard solutions. In order to…

4. Why PdO/TiON NP powders are chosen as photocatalyst? There are many reasons why PdO/TiON NP powders are chosen as a photocatalyst for MTBE mineralization under visible light. These reasons are listed and discussed as follows: 1- The synergistic effect. 2- The ease of synthesis. 3- The memory effect. 4.1 The synergistic effect Nowadays, modified TiO2 by metal and nitrogen is considered as one of the most promising TiO2 based materials for photocatalytic applications, which is able to…

Abstract In this paper CuO-NH-NH2 nanoparticle was synthesized and used to remove anionic dyes from single and binary systems. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the nanoparticle. Direct Red 80 (DR80) and Direct Green 6 (DG6) were used as anionic dyes. The effect of adsorbent dosage, dye concentration and pH on dye removal was evaluated. Kinetic…

Hooge’s relationship is an empirical relationship based on a large collection of data obtained for flicker noise in semiconductors and metal films. According to this model, the PSD of flicker noise is given by, S(f) = γHV 2 Ncf α Where Nc = ncΩ is the number of free charge carriers in the specimen,nc is the charge carrier density and Ω is the volume of specimen.γH is the Hooges constant, a parameter which characterizes the noise levels of a particular system. The initial value of gamma is…

Introduction: Limonene is a terpene that can be isolated from orange peels almost 100% in the (R)-(+)-limonene form. The essential oil from the orange peel belongs to terpenes, which are compounds that are made up of two or more five carbon units, named isoprene.1 The limonene is a monoterpene, which means it is made up of two isoprene units. Natural products are related compounds formally derived from isoprene units are terpenoids.3 The skeleton of terpenoids may differ from strict additivity…

Both IR and UV spectroscopy are methods of measuring the wavelengths absorbed by a tested material. IR spectroscopy measures the absorbance of the tested material in the infrared spectrum, the section of the electromagnetic spectrum with a lower frequency than that observed in the visible light spectrum. Conversely, UV spectroscopy measures the absorbance of the tested material in the ultraviolet spectrum, the section of the electromagnetic spectrum with a higher frequency than that observed in…

Joseph von Fraunhofer was a German optician and physicist who discovered and influenced how astronomers view the dark line spectrum, the spectrum of the sun and the diffraction of light. His discoveries turned him as a glassmaker with humble beginnings into a scientists whose discoveries would allow scientists after him to calculate the distances of stars and lead them to recognize that the universe is expanding. On March 6, 1787 in Straubing, Bavaria, Joseph Ritter von Fraunhofer was born into…