Nitrous oxide

As of September 2016, over 260 million Americans have consumed at least 1 bag of potato chips. This means that at least 24375 tons of chips have been eaten in the past year. However, that calculation would only be true if each bag contained at minimum its labeled amount. When opening a bag of chips, it is easy to assume that the labeled amount is false due to the amount of empty space inside. Thus, the goal of this paper is to explore this idea and document the experimentation that follows in…

constants (complex refractive index n, complex dielectric function ϵ, and reflection and absorption coefficients R and α) of materials are of great importance for optical metrology in the semiconductor industry.1,2 A high-performance complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor process flow with 11 layers of metal requires about 75 photolayers and may contain up to 100 thickness measurements, most of them performed using spectroscopic ellipsometry.3 This technique has been described in various books…

Recent research shows that AgNPs enhance luminol fluorescence and chemiluminescence by acting as a catalyst with hydrogen peroxide. When AgNPs interact with hydrogen peroxide they cause the peroxide to degrade into superoxide and hydroxyl radical, which also react with luminol to form 3-aminophthalate (Equations 2-5) [13]. The further degradation of hydrogen peroxide into other reactive oxygen species promotes higher fluorescence intensity. Figure 5 shows the increased fluorescence intensity…

The Raman spectra fragments of the sample between 400 and 1400 cm-1 are plotted in Fig. 1. The Raman spectra of mold fluxes display two main regions: one between 600 and 700 cm-1 corresponding to Si–O–Si bending vibrations within inter-tetrahedral linkages and the other between 800 and 1200 cm-1 associated with Si–O stretching vibrations of mainly depolymerized silicate species. Moreover, the Raman peak at ∼550 cm-1 in sample 3 is related to the transverse motion of the bridging oxygen within…

were chosen for this chapter was that they had distinct soil parameters in terms of total organic carbon (TOC), Fe oxide, Al oxide, pH which have been observed as important controllers for bioaccessibility of As, Cd and Pb reported in previous chapters. MGA soils contained a high amount of TOC (8.37 %), Fe oxide (12.49 g kg-1), Al oxide (12.6 g kg-1) whilst few TOC (1.48 %), Fe oxide (0.64 g kg-1) and…

A few weeks later, I had written my book. I had some more mysteries that confused me. 1. Why are people’s marriages so weird? 3. Why was it so difficult to train Sandy? 5. Why did everyone get mad when I decided to practice Physics in the kitchen? I believe that the reason why mother didn’t love my father was because of his aggressive personality. When I didn’t listen to him, he easily lost his temper, but things have changed now. First, father asked mother if she could go out for dinner with…

Acid rain is any form of precipitation that has unusually high acidity (a pH level below 5.6) and caused by the transformation of nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide into secondary pollutants. pH is is a scale used that measures the acidity of liquids and ranged from 0 to 14. The lower the number, the higher acidity, or the higher concentration of hydrogen ions. 0-5 is considered acidic and as you move up to 7, this indicates the substance is neutral. The higher numbers on the scale indicate…

The powder do not affect the chemical structure of the magnesium in the fire extinguishing process. However, a protective coat of magnesium oxide is formed on all the surface of the magnesium as it reacts very fast with air. This layer makes it hard for it continue burning. However, in case water is used when removing the residues even after several days, the fire may reignite. The water will…

We have one planet to live on. Have you ever thought of that? We only have this one giant rock, hurtling through the sky at speeds too fast for us to even comprehend; and we have nowhere else to go. Yet, we still take advantage of our home. We pollute it, mine mountains, clear-cut forests and think nothing of it. In everyday life people normally like to keep their home clean and tidy, they may buy insurance to help them buy a new one if something happens to their old one. Earth is our home, yet…

air? Background: (Maximum length 1 page including chemicals equations) The hypothesis of this experiment is that empirical formula is going to be close to a ratio as 1:1, because that is the theoretical empirical formula for the compound magnesium oxide. Empirical formula is simplest formula for a compound, it is the smallest possible whole- number ratio of subscripts of the elements in the formula. Generally, this the same thing as its simplest molecular formula, this is generally the actual…