Nicotiana tabacum

In the present study, constitutive silencing of PMT genes was targeted to block or reduce the expression of putrescine methyl transferase that catalyzes the conversion of putrescine to methyl putrescine. As a consequence, accumulation of putrescine and nicotinic acid derivatives was expected. It was reported that silencing of PMT genes resulted in an increased level of putrescine and spermidine in Nicotiana sylvestris [14] and anatabine in Nicotiana tabacum [15]. Silencing of ADC, which converts arginine to putrescine and ODC which converts ornithine to putrescine also produced low nicotine plants with increased levels of anatabine in Nicotiana tabacum [16, 17]. Anatabine is a toxic alkaloid derived from nicotinic acid and is a cholinergic agonist. MS, ESI spectra of the low nicotine RNAi plants in positive and negative mode did not show accumulation of anatabine. Instead, we report for the first time that reduction of nicotine content results in a concomitant increase in the content of chlorogenic acid. Chlorogenic acid is an ester formed between caffeic acid and quinic acid with proven antioxidant properties [14, 33]. Silencing PMT genes accumulate putrescine that can combine with hydroxycinnamates to produce hydroxy cinnamate-putrescine conjugates such as caffeoyl…

on Healthy article 115 section 2, Local Government is obliged to establish non-smoking areas in its territory, and based on the section 1 there are several zones which are non-smoking zones, health care facilities, the place of teaching and learning, place the child 's play, places of worship, public transport, workplace, and public areas and other places that are set. In the Government Regulation number 109/2012 on Safeguarding Materials Containing Addictive Substances in The Form of Tobacco…

other neuropsychiatric events in patients. Reduction of the nicotine content in tobacco products can bring down addiction rate and other ill effects of tobacco consumption. Achieving this by physical and chemical processing of tobacco is not cost effective [5, 6, 7]. Therefore, developing low nicotine tobacco varieties would be a viable strategy to bring down nicotine level in tobacco products. Being a non-edible crop, genetically engineered low nicotine tobacco would be more acceptable than…

Nicotine is found in tobacco, tobacco comes from the herb Nicotiana Tabacum. One cigarette contains approximately 10 milligrams of Nicotine. Since not all of the fumes go into the persons lungs, each time a person puffs a cigarette, only 1 or 2 milligrams of Nicotine gets into the body. It may not seem like much but in fact, just one drop of pure Nicotine would kill a human being. The time taken is 7 seconds to reach the brain; which is a very short time. The reason that it does not take long is…

Bermuda, was born. Both mother and daughter passed away before the Patience arrived (Kelly). Upon Rolfe’s arrival of Jamestown all aspirations of the commencement of Newfoundland are lost, as only sixty colonists survived from scarcity of food on May 24, 1610. In Virginia, Rolfe managed to examine tobacco, a plant first conveyed to Britain from Florida. Rolfe oversaw the complications of how to get tobacco seeds and brought an abundance to Jamestown. The originality of the seeds is obscure, as…

According to Merriam-Webster dictionary, tobacco is any plant of the genus Nicotiana; especially: an annual South American herb (N. tabacum) cultivated for its leaves. With the leaves from the tobacco which was cultivated, it is then used to process for the use of smoking, chewing or as snuff. The breathing of tobacco smoke can be harmful and of the more than 7,000 chemicals in tobacco smoke, at least 250 are known to be harmful and also having caner causing agents. A leading cause of…

in mus musculus, otherwise more commonly known as the house mouse. In exercise 2, the DNA sequence is read approximately six centimeters from the bottom of the autoradiograph. The name of the gene found is Lactate/Malate Dehydrogenase (UEVLD). This is also found in the mus musculus. According to the site, the stand in the query is from the 5th nucleotide to the 34th nucleotide. However, our subject was listed from 534th to the 505th, meaning our strand was read from the 3’ end to the 5’ end.…

and trade with the Patawomeke tribe for corn. To force the people to trade, West decided it would be wise to cut off two of the Native American’s heads. In the end West and his men got a load of grain they needed. The only problem was that it would not last the colony through the winter but it could last a trip back to England with the crew. Francis and the thirty-six others returned back to England, leaving the colony with less food and more enemies (Doc D).. So how did they survive…

Rise of the Industrial Age to The Progressive Age “Tobacco kills 5 million people annually. By the mid-2020s, that figure will increase to about 10 million a year, with most of the deaths occurring in developing countries” (Yach, & Wipfli, (2006), p.465). Tobacco is highly addictive and is used all over the world. It is a plant Nicotiana tabacum which uses the leaves for chewing tobacco, ground to make snuff, and for smoking such as cigars, pipes and cigarettes. In our reading, we find that the…

will address ; 1) The evolutionary mechanism of rbcS in different species of Angiosperms; 2) The mechanism of evolutionary events results in multiple copies of rbcS, and differentiation of copy number depends on species; 3) The divergence of roles between different RBCS subunits. Discussion The numbers of rbcS gene copies vary among species. This high degree of diversity can be important for maintaining the function of photosynthesis aside of the adaptation to the environmental change. The gene…