Neurotransmitter

The brain itself is highly complex as every part has a specific role in the way it functions. The Brain has three main parts consisting of the cerebrum, cerebellum, and the brain stem. The brain is the most powerful organ in one's body, but even with it being as complex and powerful as it is, things can still go wrong. This is where brain disease and disorders come into play. The definition of brain disease is defined as, "any disorder or disease of the brain"("brain disease -definition of…

As we know endocrine and nervous system work together. The way they work together is through communications. This systems consists on glands which secrets special hormones and these hormone goes around in the body as messenger. The organs who carry these type of hormones in the body are blood stream, organs and body tissues. The way they are connected is via brain which connect with two communication systems and the hypothalamus is tiny collection of Nellie which controls behaviour placed at the…

Abusing alcohol intake results in malnutrition and dehydration (4). Furthermore, alcohol puts a lot of stress on the liver which can cause inability to properly breakdown toxins and stabilize blood sugar levels. The brain is also affected because neurotransmitters become manipulated and this affects judgment and decision making capabilities. This type of harm is inevitable for those who become dependent or have an addiction to alcohol. Additionally, addicts are incapable of having a balanced…

Fentanyl According to Susan Robertson, the drug fentanyl which is an opiate agonist, has been around since the 1960s and created by Dr. Paul Jansen. "The use of fentanyl as a pain reliever and anesthetic was quickly adopted in the medical setting. In the 1960s, the agent was introduced as an intravenous anesthetic under the brand name Sublimaze"(S.Robertson)pg.1. In the 90s fentanyl was turned into a patch which breaks down into the blood stream through a period of 72 hours. Fentanyl…

Imagine one’s mind listening to the little voices inside of their head, seeing sinister thoughts such as dead bodies lying everywhere or combining words to make meaningless phrases. It is not something that anyone should want to experience, but for some, it is an everyday occurrence. As found in Diseases and Disorders: Schizophrenia (2011), schizophrenia is described as, “a chronic, severe brain disorder that distorts the way sufferers think, feel, act, and perceive everyone and everything…

The drug 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA), or more commonly known as Ecstasy, is a synthetic drug that can alter a person’s mood or perception. It also is known to produce feelings of increased energy, pleasure, emotional warmth, and distorts sensory and time perception (What is MDMA). Ecstasy was very popular back in the 1970s and 80’s among those who attended nightclubs and all-night dance parties (Skomorowsky). Ecstasy was taken in order to help party goers get more in tune with the…

The toxin was first discovered in 1735 Europe as it caused a fatal disease of the nervous system. Its cause was suspected to be connected to German Sausages. This is originally where its name came from, as due to these suspicions the toxin was named “botulus” – the Latin for sausage. Since then we know that Botulinum Toxin is a potent neurotoxin that is produced by rod-shaped spore-forming anaerobic bacterium called Clostridium bacterium. The bacterium require special conditions to reproduce;…

body. Types of Drugs: Anti-depressants: Antidepressants are drugs used for the treatment of major depressive disorder and other conditions. Antidepressants work by increasing levels of a group of chemicals in the brain called neurotransmitters. Certain neurotransmitters, can improve mood and emotion. Some anti-depressants drugs include Noradrenalin. Anti-Convulsants: Anticonvulsants work by calming hyperactivity in the brain in various ways. For this reason, some of these drugs are used to…

Schizophrenia normally “begins in late adolescence to early adulthood and is lifelong” (Keefe). This mental disorder, schizophrenia, affects the mind and brain of anyone who suffers from it. Schizophrenia has many different variations in terms of how it affects people, how severe their symptoms are, and how they cope with them. Schizophrenia can not be cured, however there are many different types of treatments available to people who are living with this disease. Schizophrenia is a psychotic…

to pass or occur without something or someone releasing an impulse or cause. For example, when neurons communicate to one another, a nerve impulse is sent across the axon. Without the nerve impulse, the axon would not be able to release the neurotransmitters. Lastly, if the…