Neuromuscular junction

Along side illness and disorder that affect the neuromuscular junction is also toxins that affect or impair the neuromuscular junction. One of these toxins is Botulinim, which is a neurotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Clostridium botulinum is has eight distinct exotoxins (A, B, C1, C2, D, E, F and G), according to the US National Library of Medicine (2010). Botulinim toxin interfere with neural transmission by blocking the release of acetylcholine in the body, which is the…

This study analyzed the differences and the relationships of the isolated sciatic nerve in regards to the compound action potential and the neuromuscular junction stimulations of the Rana pipens gastrocnemius. A total of five exercises were used to identify the effects on the stimulation of the sciatic nerve and the gastrocnemius. A dissection for both labs were performed to isolate the nerve and to isolate the gastrocnemius. Both experiments used LabChart to perform various stimulations on the…

Myasthenia gravis What is myasthenia gravis? Myasthenia gravis is a medical condition characterized by autoantibodies against acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction, resulting in muscle weakness. Patients often have involvement of their ocular (eye) and bulbar muscles. The bulbar muscles are located in the head and are important for chewing and swallowing. Symptoms often include double vision, eyelid drooping, slurred speech, and dysphagia (trouble swallowing) due to muscle…

when acetylcholine binds to it. It acts as a channel for the ions that cross it, especially sodium, and this causes the depolarization of the cell. There are two types of nicotinic receptors formed by different subunits, N1 are found in the neuromuscular junctions allowing muscle movement, and N2 is found in the brain. Muscarinic receptors, however, use G-protein coupled, when acetylcholine binds to the receptor, the protein changes its shape so that it allows phosphorylating second messengers.…

What is meant by “agonist and antagonist muscle pairs”? Give an example What is meant by agonist in muscle pairs is that it does the majority of the workload in an exercise and is considered the prime mover (primarily responsible for movement). The antagonist in respect to the agonist counteracts. The antagonist helps allow the agonist to perform a task. An example could be the biceps brachii contracts when doing elbow flexion. While the antagonist would be the triceps brachii relaxing during…

Gravis Information Page, 2015). Although Myasthenia Gravis can cause numerous muscular problems there is also lots of research being done on possible treatments. Myasthenia Gravis, a chronic autoimmune disease, occurs due to a defect in the neuromuscular junction at the synapse between the motor neuron and a skeletal muscle cell. The first step at the…

Muscle contraction is made possible when an action potential is propagated from a motor neuron to a muscle fiber. This occurs at the neuromuscular junction, where the neuron innervates the muscle fiber. One nerve can innervate thousands of muscle fibers, allowing for an entire muscle to contract. At each neuromuscular junction, muscle tissue (an excitable tissue) is able to receive an electrical signal from the motor neuron and propagate it further. As the electrical signal reaches the terminal…

1-Neuromuscular Manifestations: Neuromuscular symptoms are the most common presenting problem of hypermagnesaemia and magnesium intoxication. Magnesium prevents the release of pre-synaptic acetylcholine from both sympathetic and neuromuscular junctions.(93)Hypermagnesaemia causes blockage of neuromuscular transmission and depresses the conduction system of the…

the average American person. In addition to that it can be very cost effective but if I was giving the chance to create a drug that could cause paralysis in the muscle, the three control points that I would target would be the nervous system, neuromuscular blocker, and a disruption to the acetylcholine synthesis I will further explain these key points. Paralysis is a form of having no movement of the limbs there are many different forms of paralysis when it pertain to the body it can come in…

complexes (Shillito et al., 2004). This ultimately results in the amount of Acetylcholine released into the synapase. This syndrome usually occurs in middle-aged patients , and it is reported as rare in children(Hirsch,2007). According to Neuromuscular junction in health and disease by N. P. Hirsch (2007), 50 percent of the cases are associated with small cell carcinoma of the bronchus (C-LEMS). Carcinoma of bronchus is also known as lung cancer or a lung carcinoma. A carcinoma is a cancer…