Neurology

The article “Jesse Jackson Announces He Has Parkinson’s Disease” by Niraj Chokshi is mainly about how Jesse L. Jackson, “a longtime civil rights leader and former Democratic presidential candidate”, announces to the public he has Parkinson's disease (Chokshi 1). In the article, Chokshi mentions the symptoms of the disease which happen because of the damage to the brain. This disease cannot currently be cured, but it can be slowed down by the drug levodopa. Levodopa increases the amount of…

Naïve Realism and Amnesia Naïve realism is the belief that we see the world exactly as it is, without objective or bias from influence of upbringing. Consequentially, naïve realism can pose an important problem when judging appearances as well as evaluating the objectives and biases of ourselves and those around us. For instance, if one was out in public with their partner, they may both exhibit different levels of comfort with reagrds to public affection without realizing that they most…

Dementia is an umbrella term. By this I mean that it covers many different conditions. Each condition affects the brain and can lead to dementia due to brain de deterioration and loss of function. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome- this is a brain disorder in which not getting enough B1 vitamin will affect your brain function. B1 vitamin is used in the brain to change sugar into energy. If there is a shortage then there will be a shortage of energy and thus, making the brain function less. Vascular…

Our interest in the topic of Down syndrome (Trisomy 21) started when we heard about how many people are affected by this disease. The number of people affected by this disease in the United States alone is around 400,000 people. This genetic disorder is caused when a person is born with an extra copy of chromosome twenty-one. Down syndrome is recognized by things such as short stature, a distinctive palm crease, stubby fingers, mental retardation that can end up being serious, a wide gap between…

Chapter Two Literature Review 2.1 Multiple Sclerosis Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that remains incurable. The disease manifests as a wide range of neurological deficits including cognitive impairment, impaired coordination, visual disturbances, and extremity numbness (Weinshenker et al., 1989). MS affects approximately 400,000 people in the US and 2.5 million worldwide and it is the most common inflammatory neurological disease…

Virchow-Robin (VR) spaces or perivascular spaces of the brain refer to spaces that accompany the cerebral vessels as they pass from subarachnoid space into the brain parenchyma. A few evident perivascular spaces can be considered normal at any age but many visible perivascular spaces are not. The relevance of visible perivascular spaces to SVD is shown by their presence in increased numbers in patients with white matter hyper-intensities and with symptomatic lacunar ischemic stroke. The…

What is Blepharospasm might you ask? The word is split into two different words when you break it down, the word Blepharo which means ‘Eye Lid” and the word Spasm which means “uncontrolled muscle contraction. So with that being said it is an abnormal blinking or eyelid ticking or twitching resulting from any cause. (BEB) is a rare neurological disorder of muscles around the eyes. They have a lot of spasms that come and go called intermittent. Early stage symptoms of this disease can start with…

MS occurs when the immune system attacks the myelin sheath that cover and protect the nerve fibers. When myelin is damaged the information, or the nerve impulses, from the sensory nerves can no longer reach CNS , which consequently lead to wrong responses in the body. Because MS is unpredictable disease, the progression of MS differ from one patient to another. Therefore, doctors have to follow the patient’s case carefully to recognize whether the Disease progresses to later stages or not. The…

The Parkinson’s disease is in your nervous system and it affects your movement. It starts with a tremor in your hand but although it’s a sign of Parkinson’s disease, this disease also causes stiffness or causes you to move slowly. This disease can’t be cured and it worsens as time passes. In the early stages you may show very little expressions and you may walk without moving your hands. The symptoms of this disease is feeling tremors, slow movement, stooped posture and balance, and change in…

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is inherited disorder that affects the lower motor neuron in the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord and brain stem resulting in progressive weakness of the skeletal muscles [1]. It is considered as one of the most common autosomal recessive diseases and leading genetic cause of death during childhood [2]. The primary cause of SMA is mutation of the spinal motor neuron 1 (SMA1) while the severity of the disease is determined by the number of identical spinal…