Neurodegeneration

Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative brain disorder that causes tremors and slowly diminishes movement over time. In the U.S, an estimated one million individuals are affected by the disease, and some 60,000 new cases emerge every, even as its cause is still unknown, a cure doesn’t seem to be on the horizon. Source http://www.pdf.org/about_pd However, more and more studies are emerging that challenges conventional wisdom that tells us that Parkinson’s disease is isolated to the…

This bacteria belongs to the Mycobacteria family and leprae genus. It’s an intracellular pathogen that causes leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease, receiving its name from G.A Hansen, who is credited for the discovery of M. leprae in 1873. Before learning more about this pathogen, let me walk you through some general information about Mycobacteria. Mycobacteria is a rod-shaped bacilli and aflagellate, moving from one place to another through mucus in our body. It’s an obligate aerobe and…

INTRODUCTION Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and dementia. The neurodegeneration is due to a formation of amyloid platelets in the brain that interrupt the normal function of it. It worsen with the pass of years and is mostly suffered by older people (Reece et al. 2014). The platelets composed by Amyloid; a harmful insoluble protein fibril which is produced by Amyloid precursor protein (APP). APP is processed in the membrane of neurons…

ideas. There are different kind of stem cells to research, (Cell Specialization and Development, Medical Drug Testing, Transplantation and cloning, Another type of research is for use in cell therapy to treat Parkinson disease and other forms of neurodegeneration of muscle tissue or traumatic damage to the central nervous system, these studies could help doctors cure and treat the…

TRPML1’s Impact on MLIV In the article, “Fusion of lysosomes with secretory organelles leads to uncontrolled exocytosis in the lysosomal storage disease mucolipidosis type IV” discussed the impacts of TRMPL1 on MLIV. Lysosomes are important in maintaining healthy cells, however, with the absence of lysosomal TRP channel TRPML1 then the lysosomal pH becomes more acidic because of the calcium leakage; hence, this makes lysosomes more sensitive to fusing, and due to being near exocytosis regulating…

associated with CTE are currently classified according to whether problems or changes are observed in cognitive processing, mood, or behaviour. Symptoms in these areas are usually diagnosed years or even decades after repetitive brain trauma when the neurodegeneration progresses to the point that changes in cognition, mood, or behaviour begins to interfere with daily functioning. Changes in these three symptom areas can be mild at first but progress over time to a more severe form of the…

neuropathologically with AD evolve before symptoms are shown in individuals who are affected (Muthaiyah et al., 2014). The weakening of the brain through age encompasses a variety of linked processes, modern treatments have targeted numerous facets of neurodegeneration all together (Willis et al., 2008). A modern treatment that has shown potential…

There is evidence that chronic elevation of corticosteroid levels leads to neurodegeneration or suppressed neurogenesis within the hippocampus (Magarinos AM, McEwen BS, Flügge G, Fuchs E 1996 Chronic psychosocial stress causes apical dendritic atrophy of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons in subordinate tree shrews. J Neurosci 16:3534–3540…

I. Key Points • Evidence from animal studies supports a causal relationship between intravenous and inhaled anesthetic exposure and brain development, triggering increased apoptosis, with negative neurocognitive and behavioral outcomes. • All these negative events take place during a high vulnerability period on brain development known as “brain spurt”. • Normally, 70% of neurons will undergo apoptosis during brain development. Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate receptor modulation…

issue will be increased significantly if there is a family member suffers from AD. It has been admitted that the reason behind the progression of AD includes inflammatory mechanisms during aging stage. According to (Cunningham et al., 2009). the neurodegeneration caused by proinflammatory cytokines in mice. So, the inflammatory process is proved by the fact that neurons are greatly sensitive to destructive free radicals which damage brain cells. The lesions in the brains of AD patients…