Nephron

THE MALE AND FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM. Naturally the ultimate goal for all living organisms on earth is the preservation and continuity of their kind. This is achieved through reproduction. Reproduction or procreation is the biological process through which organisms give rise to new individuals referred to as offspring (Silverstein, Silverstein, & Silverstein, 2010). It is in two forms namely; asexual and sexual. Sexual reproduction is the most common, advanced and more…

The physiological processes of a mammal are in a unique balance where any deviation from the normal can result in a pathological condition. For example, mammals require a continuous intake of nutrients to ensure that every vital process can be maintained. If these processes are not maintained; the organism will begin to absorb its own nutrients, thereby reducing the availability of resources within the organism (Odette, 2005). An organism that is absorbing its own nutrients will be unable to…

Introduction There are many different diseases that are prevalent in the population today. Walks for cancer and MS, and ice water bucket challenges for ALS. However something that does not get a lot of attention and is the number 1 killer or people in the United States is Heart disease (Leading Causes of Death, 2015). Underlying the blanket term of Heart disease are some diagnoses such as CAD, HTN, and angina or narrowing of coronary arteries causing pain (Heart Disease, n.d.). The purpose of…

An independent 72-year old man , MR. Allan, presented to the emergency department with progressively increasing shortness of breath (SOB) over the past few months .Initially shortness of breath was exertional , but increased to shortness of breath at rest. He had an ongoing cough for one week. My essay will begin with a review of his presenting condition, patient history and symptoms on arrival to Intensive care unit. I will also look at the patient investigations and assessment findings. MR…

As M. tempus is an omnivore due to their monogastric digestive system, and is similar to a pigs digestive system, but with adaptations similar to that of bilbies (Thylacomyidae) due to the occasional low availability of prey and living food sources, resulting in adapted hindgut fermentation and a long digestive tract, (Tyndale-Biscoe C H 2005). Although M. tempus must ferment the consumed plant material, their gastrointestinal tracts are still incredibly different to those of foregut fermenters,…

Beta blockers are the first line drug choice when treating angina related to CAD. Beta blockers decrease cardiac oxygen demand, by blocking beta receptors in the heart, decreasing heart rate and contractibility, reducing peripheral resistance and after load. Slowing heart rate increases diastolic fill time, increasing the amount of time blood flows throughout myocardial vessels. When taken with nitroglycerin, extra benefits include blunting reflex tachycardia. Dosage starts out low and slowly…

damaged by drugs or their metabolic products. If liver cells are injured, enzymatic abnormalities usually occur which is when fatty liver deposits form, hepatitis occurs, and in the worst cases liver failure can result. Nephrotoxicity occurs when nephron tubules and/or filtration abilities of the kidneys become altered. For example, sulfonamides can crystallize in the kidney and form stones that obstruct urine flow. 2. Describe the three major side effects that may occur with antibiotic…

Dr Charles Nelson Perkins (Charlie Perkins) 16 June 1936 – 19th October 2000 64 years old. Background Dr Charles Perkins was an Australian Aboriginal activist, Soccer player and administrator. Born in Alice springs near Aritunga to a Kalkadoon mother and an Irish father, he was the first ever Aboriginal Australian to graduate from the University of Sydney (Wikipedia, 2017.) Career Milestones The proclaimed Australian Living national treasure began playing Soccer for Port Thistle in…

1) What is a difference between endotherms and ectotherms? The difference between an endotherm and an ectotherm is how their body is composed for regulating body temperature. This is important, as body temperature is key to maintain homeostasis. While ectotherms must rely on outside variables to regulate body temperature endotherms can regulate body temperature using mechanism within their own body. A major adaptation in endothermic organisms that is not seen in ectotherms is the large number…

Chloroplast are found in plants, they are responsible for the metabolism of energy to produce food for plants by breaking down Carbon dioxide, water and sunlight through a process called Photosynthesis. Once Carbon Dioxide enters a plant through stomata pores in a plant, water is absorbed through the roots of a plant and sunlight captured by chlorophyll pigments inside the chloroplast which is actually inside the thylakoids. It 's the russian doll complex., it is within the chloroplast that…