Nephrology

Canine Renal Dysplasia An autosomal-dominant disease characterized by delayed maturation of renal tissue. This leads to renal degeneration, protein-losing nephropathy and prolonged renal disease. A genetic predisposition is seen in the Bull terrier, Carin terrier and German Shepherd. Early onset of the disease is rare and is typically seen over the age of 5. The penetrance of Renal Dysplasia is low and small percentages are clinically affected. The percentage of fetal glomeruli…

Introduction: Postmenopausal women have a greater risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) in later life [1]. Estrogen is nephroprotective in premenopausal women; however, it has been suggested that the loss of estrogen predisposes women to reduced kidney function [2]. As a consequence, there is an increased risk of incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, which has been demonstrated by several studies [3-5]. The risk of incident cognitive impairment and dementia are…

Background: Polycystic Kidney Disease (PCKD) is the most frequent inherited renal cystic disease around the world. PCKD is a very complex group of disorders characterized by the formation and growth of multiple renal cysts, containing urine-like fluid, which displace renal tubules and frequently leads to end stage renal disease (ESRD). PCKD has two major forms and can be transmitted as autosomal dominant or recessive traits with variable expression. 1-3 Major advances have been done towards…

Have you ever what type of things happen when you don’t take care of your body? Every structure in your body works as one giant unit, when one structure stops working it will hinder another structure. One of the more important organs is the kidneys and when they stop working things start to get complicated. Although people can live with just one kidney, trying to live with two kidneys has many problems because the kidneys are so important. The main function of the kidneys is to excrete waste…

Every thirty minutes the kidneys filter the blood in the body and removing the excess fluid. Most people live with two kidneys, but it is possible to live with one. I have survived with one kidney today trying everything to protect and live a longer life. “More than 26 million American adults have a chronic kidney disease (CKD). This means one adult out of every eight in the United States has decreased kidney function. (Santiago, 2015) How can people be so unaware of a disease that strikes…

INTRODUCTION Chronic kidney disease is a prevalent and dire condition that affects more than 20 million Americans (CDC 2015). In cases of end-stage renal failure, a patient must receive treatment to compensate for the complete failure of the kidneys. Currently, kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment for this condition. Compared to the alternative of long-term dialysis, transplantation offers a better quality of life, is more than twice as effective at improving the long-term…

Ever been to an event where security was enforced? Security guards did their best to make sure no foreign bodies would enter or things that could cause harm to everyone. That’s exactly what a kidney is, a security guard. It protects your body from bad things and removes them before damage is done. The role of the kidneys in the body is for them to filter the blood within the body. The kidneys remove wastes, control the body 's fluid balance, and regulate the balance of electrolytes…

The Urinary System The urinary system is one of the eleven major organ systems of our body. This organ system is one that is often over looked. The urinary system removes toxins from the blood and maintains the acid-base balance of the body. This system regulates the chemical composition, volume, and electrolyte balance of the blood. The urinary system works in with the respiratory, integumentary, and digestive organs to eliminate waste. Reflexology supports and enhances the urinary system…

Acute renal failure is the sudden dysfunction or disease of the kidneys that can significantly impair renal function within the body. According to Huether and McCance (2012), renal failure is characterized by enough of a decline of renal function to require dialysis. Renal failure is after renal risk and injury, but prior to renal loss and end-stage kidney disease (Huether & McCance, 2012, p755). The dysfunctions the lead to acute kidney failure can be caused due to sudden renal injuries or by…

Spoke with a 63 year old female who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and has currently been on dialysis for the past two years. However, ESRD is not a diagnosis but a name of a Medicare program (Porth & Matfin, 2009) The definition of chronic kidney disease (CKD) for a patient is irreversible kidney damage and/or glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m^2 for a minimal three months (Porth & Matfin, 2009). Those patient with kidney failure has either GFR less than 15…