Nephrology

Introduction Primary renal tumors account for approximately 2% of all canine cancers.11 Tissues of origin include the renal epithelium, renal mesenchyme or embryonal tissue of mixed origin.1 Roughly 10% of primary renal tumors originate from embryonal pluripotential blastema, which include Wilms’ tumor, nephroblastoma, and embryonal nephroma.11 The majority of diagnosed renal tumors occur in older dogs; however, nephroblastoma is unique in that it is seen in juveniles. The mean age for…

Clinical signs are caused by damage to the grey matter and white matter of the spinal cord. Pain, temperature, vibration, proprioception and dermatomal sensations all may be diminished, which will depend on the exact area of the cord or nerve-root which is compromised. Patients may also complain urinary urgency, hesitation and frequency but infrequnetly of urinary incontinence and retention. Fecal incontinence is very rearly present. Decreased tendon reflexes (hyporeflexia), muscle weakness and…

When the stone reaches an appropriate size or shape, it prevents the free flow of urine and blocks the flow of urine or damages the kidney or other part of the urinary stone. i) Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) (Attasit et al., 2009) Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) is the most widely used procedure for the treatment of kidney stones. ESWL acts as an alternative approach to disintegrate stones developed in the kidney and in the upper urinary tract. ESWL uses high…

The speaker for laboratory’s role in acute kidney injury risk assessment was Denise Geiger, PhD, DLM (ASCP).The objective is to describe the laboratory’s role in acute kidney injury risk assessment, gain insight on how new biomarkers can improve clinical decisions and provide high value patient outcomes, and examine clinical research and applications of novel biomarkers for the assessment of AKI. The speaker was very detailed about this topic, but I only had what I can recall. I decided to go to…

End Stage Renal Disease occurs when the kidneys are no longer able to meet patient demands on a daily basis. The decline into End Stage Renal Disease almost always follows Chronic Kidney Disease, in which the kidneys slowly decline over a ten to twenty year period. Two of the most common causes of Chronic Kidney Disease are hypertension and Diabetes, both of which are prevalent in the United States, and present in this patient. Unfortunately, without dialysis treatment or a kidney transplant,…

Shelli Hopkins Day 9 keyboarding assignment Glomerulonephritis is the inflammation of the glomeruli located in the kidneys. This inflammation causes to protein and other substances to leak into the urine from the blood. As the inflammation continues the kidneys may become less effective and cannot filter out waste products, such as water and salt from the blood. This can eventually lead to kidney failure. When this occurs, waste can accumulate in high levels in the blood and the will then…

In 1943 the kidney dialysis machine was made to help with people who have Non Working kidneys, overdose, and can help prevent kidney failure. Depending on why the person is on the machine will determine how long they will be on it, the most you could be on the machine is five to ten years. The training for the machine can take up to six weeks by itself and you have to do treatment four to seven per week. Therefore machine itself is the size of a microwave and has to be plugged In at all…

During my visit, the primary diagnoses of the patients I met may have varied widely, but they were all there to get the same life-preserving treatment. It is important for dialysis patients to understand that dialysis is not a cure for kidney disease, or any other comorbidities which may be present. End stage renal disease (ESRD) involves permanent damage to the kidneys, and dialysis is intended to help the body run as normal as possible without kidney function. If an ESRD patient does not get…

Renal stones is a common problem worldwide with important impact in the heath and also in economic costs. Renal Stones is the consequences of a buildup of dissolved minerals located in the inner lining of the kidney, calcium oxalate is most of the time the maim component of renal stones but it also has other minerals. Stones are more frequently found in persons who do not drink the recommended eight to ten glasses of water a day. Renal stones are mainly plant in the kidneys, humans have been…

Chronic Kidney Disease Chronic kidney disease happens when the kidneys are damaged over a long period. The kidneys are two organs that perform many important jobs in the body. These jobs include: • Removing wastes and extra fluids from the blood. • Making hormones that help keep the body healthy. • Making sure the body has the right amount of fluids and chemicals. Chronic kidney disease may be caused by many things. The kidney damage occurs slowly. If too much damage occurs, the kidneys…