Necrosis

According to Schraffenberger (2013), “Pressure ulcers or decubitus ulcers are caused by tissue hypoxia secondary to pressure induced vascular insufficiency, and they may become secondarily infected with components of the skin and gastrointestinal flora. The ulceration of tissue usually is at the location of a bony prominence that has been subjected to prolonged pressure against an external object, such as a bed, wheelchair, cast, or splint. Pressure ulcers may extend into deeper tissue including…

muscle and bone are not damage at all. There are some yellowish dead tissue that can be clearly seen at the bottom of the wound. The wound would look like a large cavity structure. “Grade 3 includes full thickness skin loss involving damage to or necrosis of subcutaneous tissue that may extend down to, but not through, underlying fascia” (Hughes, 2008) Figure 7 Stage 3 of pressure…

of the abdominal region, cutaneous congestion and petechial hemorrhages, particularly along feather tracts, occasional hemorrhages on toe joints and in cerebral region, mottled-necrosis and ecchymotic hemorrhages in the liver (latter stages) pales (para-boiled) appearance of the heart, congestion and some mottled necrosis of kidneys, extreme congestion of lungs, and pale spleen. The CAM had no plaques, but small hemorrhagic areas are present (Hitchner, 1970). Embryos inoculated with IBDV usually…

Introduction Abdominal wall reconstruction can be a challenging procedure especially in case of large sized defects. Previous studies suggest that primary fascial closure with mesh reinforcement improves outcomes reducing hernia recurrence rate. [1-5] To date, only few studies have compared bridged and mesh reinforced repairs with significant differences among study groups concerning defect sizes. [1, 3, 4] Indeed, the comparison of these two repair techniques in randomized controlled trials is…

Deep tissue injury (DTI) is an injury to the soft tissue under the skin due to pressure and is usually over boney prominence. This injury is commonly seen in bedridden patients in hospitals and nursing homes. Although many efforts were made to elucidate the precise mechanism and clinical presentation, the pathogenesis and the final clinical outcome are yet to be determined. Although the current agreed upon presentation describes DTI as purple, maroon colored skin with ulceration, here we…

dermoid cysts is the treatment of choice. An ovarian dermoid cyst can become too large and eventually move the ovary, or cause the ovary to twist, this can cut off the blood supply to the ovary and eventually cause necrosis. Ovarian torsions need immediate intervention to prevent necrosis, ultra sounds are primarily used to detect the cyst and torsion. Although pelvic MRI’s and CT’s are sometimes used, if the patient is suspected to have an ovarian torsion ultra sounds are used because they are…

“Cardiac cells can withstand ischemic conditions for approximately twenty minutes before irreversible hypoxic injury causes cellular death (apoptosis) and tissue necrosis” (Huether & McCance, 2012, pg. 606). During a MI, five hundred myocytes perish per minute. The majority of those heart cells are unable to regenerate once they have been destroyed. Many cardiologists use the expression “time is muscle” to help…

The naked mole rat and the blind mole rat have developed unique anti-cancer mechanisms compared to other mammals. Mammals typically have several methods, such as inducing apoptosis, releasing cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (bound to CDK complexes) which signal cells to stop within a stage of the cell cycle, and contact inhibition in which cells stop growing once they make contact with each other. These mole rats’ distinct mechanisms modify contact inhibition and apoptosis to achieve the…

one of the most commonly implicated drugs in BRONJ cases due to its higher potency and multimodal effect on bone remodeling and oral mucosa. 20-22 ZA induced BRONJ models are known to show classical BRONJ lesions with macroscopic features of bone necrosis, soft tissue inflammation and sequestration in various animal models, ranging from rats to large animal models like sheep. 16,17,23 However, the exposure of bone to the oral environment, either through a tooth extraction, artificially induced…

Pressure ulcers are a serious yet still preventable complication that hospitals are dealing with in all ages, races, and genders. First understanding how a pressure ulcer is formed and what it is. A pressure ulcer is formed when there is rupture in the epithelium
or when there has been significant damage or opening in the protective function of the skin, which could lead to the loss of underlying connective tissue (Catherine Rabess, 2013). A pressure ulcer usually resides around the bony…