Necessary and sufficient condition

According to Durkheim, Religion is a division of the world into two kinds of phenomena. 1. The Sacred 2. The Profane. The sacred refers to things human beings set apart; including religious beliefs, rites, deities or anything socially defined as requiring special religious treatment. Profane is just the opposite of Sacred, which is not sacred that is called profane. Society creates religion by defining certain phenomena as sacred and others as profane. Those aspects of social reality that are…

adjudication, ought to be pursued and exhausted prior to resorting to military intervention (Brough, Lango & Linden 2007, p. 245; Higgins 2012). Minimally, States ought to employ reliable measures necessary to protect their citizens from any forms of aggression, as human rights is a pivotal factor in the conditions in resort to war. However, this principle has its limit. As signalled by the word ‘last’, it implies that war is the last option when all other conceivable alternatives failed. With…

relative phosphorus distribution between shoot and root QTLs associated under low phosphorus condition were identified. Further, the discovered QTLs were mapped in different genetic background of the diverse rice cultivars. These major QTLs and genes have been cloned, validated and transferred into elite rice cultivars to make them P efficient and amenable for low P condition. In addition, it is necessary to explore the regulation and molecular mechanism of traits associating under low…

Amid fake news and alternative facts, it is important for one to be able to look past the smoke and mirrors to decipher true intentions. One prominent issue that we are currently facing is the disastrous condition of our environment and the push to slowly defund the Environmental Protection Agency. Since its founding in 1970, the agency’s number one objective has been to protect human health and the environment. The agency tries to fulfill their mission through programs to educate communities…

incompatibility between our belief in human autonomy and the principle of causality. Free will is the philosophical doctrine that denies determinism is true, that some of our choices are uncaused. Free will is the result of the absence of conditions, causes, and other necessary determinants of behaviour or choice. Neither mental nor physical events are determined by past events. Thomas Hobbes offered his account of freedom by suggesting that external impediments are not the reasons for an…

insufficient facilities, conflict issues, political instability and lack of opportunities has become one of the developing country’s concerns. More and more educated people are heading for more prosperous countries seeking higher wages and better working conditions. This without a doubt has serious consequences on the sending countries. There are a few causes that contribute to the problem of brain drain namely low wages, lack of facilities or equipment and political instability. “Why do we…

knowledge which was very close to Krashen’s i+1 hypothesis. As Brown (2007) said, “i and 1 cannot be clearly defined” (as cited in Latifi; ketabi & mohamadi, 2013, p. 224). The second i+1 is challenged from another perspective that “input is necessary but not sufficient for acquisition to take place” (Ellis, 2003, 47 as cited in Latifi et al., 2013, p.224). Although the role of unconscious learning cannot be denied, conscious learning is supposed to have more…

camp hospitals but still were not sufficient for the camps. (Fiset, Louis) However the Japanese medical officials and Caucasian doctors were frequently uncooperative. Generally the hospital staff at Gila River, did not trust the CMO and believed that his/her racism resulted in a strained relationship with them. At Tuke Lake, the CMO named Dr. Pedicord, used to refer to the Japanese physicians and patients as “Japs”.…

In Islamic perspective, Zakat is necessary on specific individuals upon specific wealth or holdings. This obligation is called by Qur’anic order, the Sunnah and Ijma’ or general opinion. The Prophet (P.B.U.H) considered Zakat to be among the pillars of Islamic faith. In fact it is second only to prayer. It is an obligatory for an individual of Muslim who are able to do so to ease economic hardship for other Muslims to eliminate inequality among other Muslims. There are many virtues associated…

Calories can be defined as the energy it takes to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Celsius. Calories are energy that fuels our body. Without a sufficient number of calories, many of our bodily functions would be nonexistent. When discussing calories with food, calories describe how much energy a body may receive from eating or drinking that item. Nutrition labels often have an amount of calories on them for the viewer. This is important because a typical body can only…