Nazca

Abstract Porphyry copper deposits are important for economic value and resources. Some of the common metals found in porphyry copper deposits are gold, silver, and molybdenite. Most porphyry copper deposits can be found along the Pacific Rim and formed during the Tertiary and Quaternary periods. Porphyry copper deposits form through a series of subducting tectonic events, having a copper bearing source, and convection of hydrothermal fluids acting on an igneous intrusion. Introduction…

• The Yangshao culture was first excavated in 1921, it lasted to c. 2700B.C.E. - Farmers grew millet, wheat, and rice, and domesticated pigs, dogs, goats and perhaps horses. - They lived mostly in river valleys, and villages were often surrounded by walls for protection. • Soon larger political units were created and the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties came to be. - The Traditional chronological dating suggests that one succeeded another. - Capitals were frequently shifted…

The region is tectonically characterized by the ~6 kilometer thick oceanic Nazca plate subducting underneath the continental South American plate at a convergence azimuth of ~ 78 ͦ and at a rate of 6.6 centimeters per year making the area one of the most active convergent margins on earth, typically experiencing a Mw > 8 earthquake every 10 – 20 years (Moscoso, et.al., 2011). Notable quakes in recent history include the 1960 Mw = 9.5 Valdivia earthquake which was the largest ever recorded,…